{"id":748,"date":"2023-07-21T12:12:32","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T12:12:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/potasyum-sulfit-k2so3\/"},"modified":"2023-07-21T12:12:32","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T12:12:32","slug":"potasyum-sulfit-k2so3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/potasyum-sulfit-k2so3\/","title":{"rendered":"Potasyum s\u00fclfit \u2013 k2so3, 10117-38-1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Potasyum s\u00fclfit (K2SO3), potasyum, k\u00fck\u00fcrt ve oksijenden olu\u015fan kimyasal bir bile\u015fiktir. G\u0131da end\u00fcstrisinde renk bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bozulmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in koruyucu olarak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC Ad\u0131<\/td>\n Potasyum s\u00fclfit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/td>\n K2SO3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/td>\n 10117-38-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/td>\n Dipotasyum s\u00fclfit; S\u00fclf\u00fcrik asidin dipotasyum tuzu; Potasyum s\u00fclfonat; K\u00fck\u00fcrt ve potasyum oksit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/td>\n InChI=1S\/2K.H2O3S\/c;;1-4(2)3\/h;;(H2,1,2,3)\/q2*+1;\/p-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum S\u00fclfit<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Potasyum S\u00fclfit Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h3>\n

Potasyum s\u00fclfit, iki potasyum atomu, bir k\u00fck\u00fcrt atomu ve \u00fc\u00e7 oksijen atomu i\u00e7erdi\u011fini g\u00f6steren K2SO3 kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fcne sahiptir. Bile\u015fik, potasyum hidroksit (KOH) ile k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit (SO2) aras\u0131ndaki reaksiyonla olu\u015fur. Potasyum s\u00fclfit iyonik bir bile\u015fiktir, yani pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc potasyum iyonlar\u0131ndan ve negatif y\u00fckl\u00fc s\u00fclfit iyonlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. S\u00fclfit iyonunun form\u00fcl\u00fc SO32-‘dir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum S\u00fclfit Molar K\u00fctlesi<\/h3>\n

K2SO3’\u00fcn molar k\u00fctlesi 158,26 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu, her bir elementin atom k\u00fctlelerinin (2 x atom k\u00fctlesi K) + atom k\u00fctlesi S + (3 x atom k\u00fctlesi O) form\u00fcl\u00fcne eklenmesiyle hesaplan\u0131r. Bir bile\u015fi\u011fin molar k\u00fctlesi \u00f6nemlidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc belirli bir reaksiyon i\u00e7in gereken bile\u015fik miktar\u0131n\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131na veya bir \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin konsantrasyonunun belirlenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Potasyum s\u00fclfitin kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

K2SO3’\u00fcn belirli bir kaynama noktas\u0131 yoktur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kaynama noktas\u0131na ula\u015fmadan ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ancak \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda K2SO3 termal bozunmaya u\u011frayarak potasyum s\u00fclfat (K2SO4) ve k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit (SO2) olu\u015fturur. Ayr\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 390\u00b0C’dir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum S\u00fclfit Erime Noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

K2SO3’\u00fcn erime noktas\u0131 350\u00b0C civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kat\u0131 bile\u015fik s\u0131v\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Ancak s\u0131cakl\u0131k artt\u0131k\u00e7a daha \u00f6nce de belirtildi\u011fi gibi K2SO3 ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum s\u00fclfitin yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/mL<\/h3>\n

K2SO3’\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2,44 g\/mL’dir. Yo\u011funluk, bir maddenin birim hacim ba\u015f\u0131na k\u00fctlesi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. K2SO3’\u00fcn y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlu\u011fu onun nispeten a\u011f\u0131r bir bile\u015fik oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Bu \u00f6zellik, bile\u015fi\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve reaktivitesi gibi fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinin belirlenmesinde \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum S\u00fclfit Molek\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

K2SO3’\u00fcn molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 158,26 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer bile\u015fi\u011fin bir molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn ortalama k\u00fctlesini temsil eder. Molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, belirli bir hacim veya k\u00fctledeki bir maddenin miktar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir; bu, kimyasal reaksiyonlarda ve laboratuvar deneylerinde faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum s\u00fclfitin yap\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"Potasyum<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

K2SO3 kristal bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir, yani atomlar\u0131 tekrar eden bir d\u00fczende d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bile\u015fik, merkezde k\u00fck\u00fcrt atomu ve \u00e7evresinde simetrik olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 oksijen atomu ile trigonal d\u00fczlemsel bir geometriye sahiptir. Potasyum iyonlar\u0131 bu yap\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yer al\u0131r ve s\u00fclfit iyonlar\u0131n\u0131n negatif y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc dengeler.<\/p>\n

Potasyum s\u00fclfitin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/h3>\n

K2SO3 suda olduk\u00e7a \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda berrak, renksiz bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. K2SO3’\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, sudaki kendisini olu\u015fturan iyonlara ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan iyonik do\u011fas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. K2SO3’\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de s\u0131cakl\u0131ktan etkilenir ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k artt\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck artar.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>\n Beyaz kristal toz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yer \u00e7ekimi<\/td>\n 2.44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/td>\n Renksiz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/td>\n Kokusuz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/td>\n 158,26 gr\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 2,44 gr\/ml<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 350\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 390\u00b0C’de ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Suda \u00e7ok \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Etanol ve gliserolde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pKa<\/td>\n 10.3 (s\u00fclf\u00fcrl\u00fc asit i\u00e7in)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n ~9 (0,1 M \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum S\u00fclfit G\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve Tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Uygun \u00f6nlemler al\u0131n\u0131rsa K2SO3’\u00fcn ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nispeten g\u00fcvenlidir. Ancak dikkatli kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde tehlike olu\u015fturabilir. Bile\u015fik v\u00fccudun bu k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131yla temas ederse ciltte, g\u00f6zlerde ve solunum sisteminde tahri\u015fe neden olabilir. K2SO3 yutulmas\u0131 halinde mide-ba\u011f\u0131rsak sorunlar\u0131na da neden olabilir. Ek olarak bile\u015fik, \u0131s\u0131ya veya aleve maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda potansiyel bir yang\u0131n ve patlama tehlikesi olu\u015fturur. Bu nedenle K2SO3 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken koruyucu ekipman giymek ve bile\u015fi\u011fi \u0131s\u0131dan ve tutu\u015fturucu kaynaklardan uzakta saklamak gibi uygun g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembolleri<\/td>\n Kurukafa ve k\u0131r\u0131k kemikler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/td>\n Toksiktir, yutuldu\u011funda zararl\u0131d\u0131r, cildi ve g\u00f6zleri tahri\u015f eder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BM kimlik numaralar\u0131<\/td>\n BM 2697<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/td>\n 283210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n 6.1 (Zehirli maddeler)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/td>\n II (Orta tehlike)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/td>\n A\u011f\u0131zdan (LD50): 345 mg\/kg (s\u0131\u00e7an)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum s\u00fclfit sentez y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

K2SO3, potasyum hidroksitin<\/a> k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit veya k\u00fck\u00fcrt ile reaksiyonu, potasyum karbonat\u0131n<\/a> k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit ile reaksiyonu ve potasyum bis\u00fclfitin hidroksit ile reaksiyonu dahil olmak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerle sentezlenebilir. potasyum.<\/p>\n

Birinci y\u00f6ntemde, potasyum hidroksit<\/a> \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi su varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit gaz\u0131 ile reaksiyona girerek K2SO3 olu\u015fturur. \u0130kinci y\u00f6ntemde ise potasyum karbonat<\/a> ve k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klara \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak K2SO3 elde edilir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00f6ntem, K2SO3 ve su \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in potasyum bis\u00fclfitin potasyum hidroksit<\/a> ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

K2SO3’\u00fc sentezlemenin bir ba\u015fka yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntemi, k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksitin, sodyum hidros\u00fclfit veya demir(II) s\u00fclfat gibi indirgeyici ajanlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda potasyum klor\u00fcr gibi bir potasyum tuzu ile reaksiyonudur. Bu y\u00f6ntem genellikle end\u00fcstriyel ortamlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda K2SO3 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum S\u00fclfitin Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

K2SO3 kimyasal \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 farkl\u0131 end\u00fcstrilerde \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalara sahiptir. K2SO3’\u00fcn baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n