{"id":667,"date":"2023-07-22T00:35:33","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T00:35:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/potasyum-iyodur-ki\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T00:35:33","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T00:35:33","slug":"potasyum-iyodur-ki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/potasyum-iyodur-ki\/","title":{"rendered":"Potasyum i\u0307yod\u00fcr \u2013 ki, 7681-11-0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Potasyum iyod\u00fcr (KI), radyoaktif iyotun tiroid bezi taraf\u0131ndan emilmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan kimyasal bir bile\u015fiktir. Radyoaktif iyota maruz kalmadan \u00f6nce veya k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda etkilidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC’\u0131n ad\u0131<\/td>\n Potasyum iyod\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/td>\n KI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/td>\n 7681-11-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/td>\n kaliumiyod\u00fcr, potasyum monoiyod\u00fcr, K iyod\u00fcr, KI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/td>\n InChI=1S\/HI.K\/h1H;\/q;+1\/p-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum iyod\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Potasyum \u0130yod\u00fcr Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h3>\n

Potasyum iyod\u00fcr\u00fcn form\u00fcl\u00fc KI’dir. Bu form\u00fcl, bile\u015fikteki potasyum ve iyot atomlar\u0131n\u0131n en basit oran\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder. Potasyum iyod\u00fcr form\u00fcl\u00fc, \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalarda ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan bile\u015fik miktar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u00f6zelliklerini belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum \u0130yod\u00fcr Molar K\u00fctlesi<\/h3>\n

KI’nin molar k\u00fctlesi yakla\u015f\u0131k 166.0028 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer, bile\u015fikteki s\u0131ras\u0131yla 39,0983 g\/mol ve 126,9045 g\/mol olan K ve I atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n eklenmesiyle hesaplan\u0131r. KI’nin molar k\u00fctlesi, belirli bir reaksiyon veya uygulamada ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan bile\u015fik miktar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum iyod\u00fcr\u00fcn kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

KI’nin kaynama noktas\u0131 1330\u00b0C’dir (2426\u00b0F). Bu y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131, bile\u015fikteki potasyum ve iyot atomlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc iyonik ba\u011fdan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. KI, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131ya bozulmadan veya etkinli\u011fini kaybetmeden dayanabilmesi nedeniyle y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum \u0130yod\u00fcr Erime Noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

KI’nin erime noktas\u0131 681\u00b0C’dir (1,258\u00b0F). Bu nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck erime noktas\u0131, KI’nin orta s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda i\u015flenmesini ve i\u015flenmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bile\u015fik, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck erime noktas\u0131 nedeniyle foto\u011fraf filmi, ila\u00e7 ve n\u00fckleer t\u0131p \u00fcretiminde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum iyod\u00fcr yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/mL<\/h3>\n

KI’nin yo\u011funlu\u011fu 3,123 g\/mL’dir. Bu de\u011fer suyunkinden daha y\u00fcksektir, bu da KI’yi nispeten a\u011f\u0131r ve yo\u011fun hale getirir. KI’nin yo\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00e7e\u015fitli solventlerdeki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn belirlenmesinde ve radyokoruyucu olarak uygulamalar\u0131nda \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum \u0130yod\u00fcr Molek\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

KI’nin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 166.0028 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer, bile\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fturan elementlerin atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder. KI’nin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6zelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerdeki konsantrasyonunun hesaplanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. <\/p>\n

\n
\"Potasyum<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Potasyum iyod\u00fcr\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n

KI, K+ iyonlar\u0131 ve I- iyonlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcz merkezli k\u00fcbik d\u00fczenlemesinden olu\u015fan basit bir kristal yap\u0131ya sahiptir. \u0130yonlar, bile\u015fi\u011fe y\u00fcksek erime ve kaynama noktalar\u0131 sa\u011flayan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc iyonik ba\u011flarla bir arada tutulur. KI’nin kristal yap\u0131s\u0131, fiziksel ve kimyasal \u00f6zelliklerinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>\n beyaz kristal toz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 3.123<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/td>\n renksizden beyaza<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/td>\n kokusuz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/td>\n 166.0028 gr\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 3,123 g\/mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 681\u00b0C (1258\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 1330\u00b0C (2426\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/td>\n uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n 128g\/100ml (20\u00b0C)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n etanol, aseton ve gliserolde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/td>\n ihmal edilebilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/td>\n uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pKa<\/td>\n 10.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n 6,0 \u2013 9,0 (%5 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum \u0130yod\u00fcr\u00fcn G\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve Tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

KI uygun \u015fekilde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda genellikle g\u00fcvenli kabul edilir. Ancak t\u00fcm kimyasallar gibi yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya uygunsuz kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tehlike olu\u015fturabilir. KI cildi, g\u00f6zleri ve solunum sistemini tahri\u015f edebilir ve uzun s\u00fcreli maruz kalma sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerinde daha ciddi etkilere neden olabilir. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda yutulmas\u0131 halinde toksiktir. KI ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken uygun ta\u015f\u0131ma, depolama ve imha prosed\u00fcrleri izlenmelidir. Ek olarak, bile\u015fikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken eldiven ve g\u00f6z korumas\u0131 gibi ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipmanlar giyilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembolleri<\/td>\n XI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/td>\n Tozunu\/duman\u0131n\u0131\/gaz\u0131n\u0131\/sisini\/buhar\u0131n\u0131\/spreyini solumaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n. Koruyucu eldiven\/g\u00f6z korumas\u0131\/y\u00fcz korumas\u0131 kullan\u0131n. SOLUNDU\u011eUNDA: Kazazedeyi temiz havaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n ve nefes almas\u0131 kolay bir pozisyonda dinlenmesini sa\u011flay\u0131n. G\u00d6Z \u0130LE TEMASI HAL\u0130NDE: Su ile birka\u00e7 dakika dikkatlice durulay\u0131n. Varsa ve yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kolaysa kontakt lensleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Durulamaya devam edin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BM kimlik numaralar\u0131<\/td>\n BM 3077<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/td>\n 28276000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n 9 \u2013 \u00c7e\u015fitli tehlikeli maddeler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/td>\n III<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/td>\n LD50 (oral, s\u0131\u00e7an) > 10.000 mg\/kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum iyod\u00fcr sentezi i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntemler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

KI’yi sentezlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler vard\u0131r, ancak en yayg\u0131n olanlardan biri iyotun sudaki potasyum hidroksit<\/a> veya potasyum karbonat<\/a> ile reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu reaksiyonun denklemi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

I2 + 2KOH \u2192 KI + KIO3 + H2O<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015flem, yan \u00fcr\u00fcnler olarak KI, potasyum iyodat ve su \u00fcretir. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 potasyum iyodat\u0131 par\u00e7alar ve saf KI b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KI’yi sentezlemenin ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntemi, iyotun sudaki potasyum bis\u00fclfit ile reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu reaksiyon, yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak KI’nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit gaz\u0131 \u00fcretir. Bu reaksiyonun denklemi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

I2 + 2KHSO3 \u2192 2KI + 2SO2 + H2O<\/p>\n

Elde edilen KI, s\u0131cak suda yeniden kristalle\u015ftirme yoluyla safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Algler, kimyagerlerin KI elde etmek i\u00e7in kullanabilece\u011fi y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde iyot i\u00e7erir. S\u00fcre\u00e7, k\u00fcl \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in alglerin yak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, k\u00fcl\u00fcn suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini ve KI \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in potasyum hidroksit ile i\u015flenmesini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum \u0130yod\u00fcr\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

KI’nin baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n