{"id":659,"date":"2023-07-22T01:39:46","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T01:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/potasyum-bromur-kbr\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T01:39:46","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T01:39:46","slug":"potasyum-bromur-kbr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/potasyum-bromur-kbr\/","title":{"rendered":"Potasyum brom\u00fcr \u2013 kbr, 7758-02-3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Potasyum brom\u00fcr (KBr), potasyum ve bromdan olu\u015fan kimyasal bir bile\u015fiktir. K\u00f6peklerde antikonv\u00fclsan olarak foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta, t\u0131pta ve veteriner hekimli\u011finde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC Ad\u0131<\/td>\n Potasyum bromit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/td>\n KBr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/td>\n 7758-02-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/td>\n Potasyum Brom\u00fcr, Potasyum Brom\u00fcr Tuzu, Kaliobromid, Bromopotasyum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/td>\n InChI=1S\/BrH.K\/h1H;\/q;+1\/p-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Potasyum Brom\u00fcr Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h3>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc KBr’dir. Bu form\u00fcl bile\u015fikteki atomlar\u0131n oran\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder. K+ iyonunun y\u00fck\u00fc +1, Bri- iyonunun y\u00fck\u00fc ise -1 olup n\u00f6tr bir bile\u015fik elde edilir. Form\u00fcl, bile\u015fi\u011fin bile\u015fimini belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve dengeli kimyasal denklemlerin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum Brom\u00fcr Molar K\u00fctlesi<\/h3>\n

KBr’nin molar k\u00fctlesi 119,01 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bir potasyum atomu ve bir brom atomundan olu\u015fur. Molar k\u00fctle bir bile\u015fi\u011fin \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc belirli bir numunedeki bir maddenin mol say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca stokiyometride bir kimyasal reaksiyondaki bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn veya reaktan\u0131n k\u00fctlesini hesaplamak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

KBr’nin kaynama noktas\u0131 1.390 \u00b0C’dir (2.534 \u00b0F). Bu y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131 bile\u015fi\u011fin iyonik yap\u0131s\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Is\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, potasyum ve brom aras\u0131ndaki iyonik ba\u011flar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda enerji gerekir, bu da y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131na neden olur. KBr, y\u00fcksek kaynama noktas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 laboratuvarda \u0131s\u0131 transfer ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131 olarak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr Erime noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

KBr’nin erime noktas\u0131 734\u00b0C’dir (1,353\u00b0F). Kaynama noktas\u0131 gibi erime noktas\u0131 da potasyum ve brom atomlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki iyonik ba\u011flar\u0131n kuvvetiyle belirlenir. Is\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iyonik ba\u011flar zay\u0131flar ve bile\u015fi\u011fin kristal kafes yap\u0131s\u0131 bozularak s\u0131v\u0131 hale gelir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/mL<\/h3>\n

KBr’nin yo\u011funlu\u011fu oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2,75 g\/mL’dir. Bir maddenin yo\u011funlu\u011fu, birim hacim ba\u015f\u0131na maddenin k\u00fctlesi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. KBr’nin y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlu\u011fu, bile\u015fi\u011fin s\u0131k\u0131 kristal yap\u0131s\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zellik onu mercekler ve prizmalar gibi optik malzemelerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda faydal\u0131 k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Potasyum Brom\u00fcr Molek\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

KBr’nin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 119,01 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer, potasyum ve bromun atom k\u00fctlelerinin eklenmesiyle hesaplan\u0131r. Molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, belirli bir konsantrasyonda bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in gereken madde miktar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi gibi kimyasal hesaplamalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\n
\"Potasyum<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n

KBr, y\u00fcz merkezli k\u00fcbik kafesten olu\u015fan bir kristal yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Her K+ iyonu alt\u0131 Br- iyonuyla, her Bri- iyonu ise alt\u0131 K+ iyonuyla \u00e7evrilidir. Bu d\u00fczenleme, kristal yap\u0131s\u0131nda d\u00fczenli, tekrarlanan iyon d\u00fczenlemesine sahip olan iyonik bile\u015fiklerin karakteristi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>\n Beyaz kristal kat\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yer \u00e7ekimi<\/td>\n 25\u00b0C’de 2,75 g\/mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/td>\n Renksiz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/td>\n Kokusuz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/td>\n 119,01 gr\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 2,75 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 734\u00b0C (1.353\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 1390\u00b0C (2534\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n 20\u00b0C’de 53 g\/100 mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Alkol, aseton ve amonyakta \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/td>\n 1114\u00b0C’de 1 mmHg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pKa<\/td>\n 7,5 (25\u00b0C’de)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n 7 (n\u00f6tr)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

KBr’nin kullan\u0131m\u0131 genellikle g\u00fcvenli kabul edilir, ancak yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda baz\u0131 tehlikelere yol a\u00e7abilir. Cildi, g\u00f6z\u00fc ve solunumu tahri\u015f edicidir ve yutulmas\u0131 gastrointestinal rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa neden olabilir. Y\u00fcksek konsantrasyonlara uzun s\u00fcre maruz kalmak solunum problemlerine neden olabilir. KBr dikkatle kullan\u0131lmal\u0131 ve bile\u015fi\u011fin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda eldiven ve toz maskesi dahil uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman giyilmelidir. KBr’nin serin, kuru ve iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir alanda uyumsuz malzemelerden uzakta saklanmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemlidir. Maruz kalma durumunda derhal t\u0131bbi yard\u0131ma ba\u015fvurun.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembolleri<\/td>\n Xi \u2013 Sinir bozucu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/td>\n Cilt ve g\u00f6zlerle temas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n. Uygun koruyucu k\u0131yafet, eldiven ve g\u00f6zl\u00fck\/y\u00fcz siperi kullan\u0131n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n koruma.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BM kimlik numaralar\u0131<\/td>\n UN 1465 (Kimyasallar, potasyum brom\u00fcr)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/td>\n 28275100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n 6.1 (Zehirli maddeler)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/td>\n III<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/td>\n LD50 (oral, s\u0131\u00e7an) = 2,340 mg\/kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn sentezi i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntemler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

KBr’yi sentezlemek i\u00e7in do\u011frudan sentez, \u00e7ift ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve asit-baz titrasyonu gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

KOH,<\/a> do\u011frudan sentezde KBr \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in HBr gaz\u0131yla reaksiyona girer. Reaksiyon yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak KBr ve su \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ift ayr\u0131\u015fma, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr bir potasyum tuzunun, potasyum klor\u00fcr ve sodyum brom\u00fcr gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr bir brom\u00fcr tuzu ile reaksiyonunu i\u00e7erir. Reaksiyon KBr ve sodyum klor\u00fcr<\/a> \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

Asit-baz titrasyonu, bir brom\u00fcr tuzunun KOH<\/a> ile reaksiyonunu i\u00e7erir. Seyreltik s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit \u00f6nce brom\u00fcr tuzunu i\u015fleyerek Hbr’yi olu\u015fturur, ard\u0131ndan KOH<\/a> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 KBr ve su \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

KBr’yi sentezlemenin ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntemi, bromun s\u0131cak bir potasyum hidroksit<\/a> \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi ile reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Sodyum s\u00fclfit, potasyum bromat’\u0131 azaltarak KBr ve potasyum bromat \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

Potasyum Brom\u00fcr\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

KBr, benzersiz \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstrilerde \u00e7e\u015fitli kullan\u0131mlara sahiptir. KBr’nin yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k: Foto\u011fraf ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n\u0131n bu\u011fulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in siyah beyaz foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta foto\u011fraf sabitleyici olarak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. Veterinerlik: N\u00f6bet ge\u00e7iren k\u00f6pek ve kedilerde antikonv\u00fclsan ila\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  3. Analitik Kimya: Organik bile\u015fikleri tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in Fourier D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc K\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi Spektroskopisinde (FTIR) referans standart olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  4. T\u0131bbi Kimya: Sedatifler, hipnotikler ve antiepileptikler dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli farmas\u00f6tiklerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  5. Petrol sondaj\u0131: Petrol sondaj\u0131nda formasyon suyunun i\u00e7eri girmesini \u00f6nlemek ve korozyon riskini azaltmak i\u00e7in tamamlama s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  6. Alev geciktiriciler: Plastik, tekstil ve ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde alev geciktirici olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  7. Kimyasal sentez: Ayr\u0131ca kimyasal sentez reaksiyonlar\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7e\u015fitli organik ve inorganik bile\u015fiklerin sentezinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sorular:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Soru: Potasyum brom\u00fcr hangi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda elektri\u011fi iletebilir?<\/h3>\n

    C: KBr erimi\u015f haldeyken veya suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde elektri\u011fi iletebilir, iyonlar\u0131n\u0131n serbest\u00e7e hareket etmesine ve elektrik y\u00fck\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    S: KBr iyonik mi yoksa kovalent mi?<\/h3>\n

    A: KBr, elektronlar\u0131n potasyumdan broma aktar\u0131lmas\u0131yla olu\u015fan iyonik bir bile\u015fiktir.<\/p>\n

    S: KBr suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr m\u00fc?<\/h3>\n

    C: Evet, KBr suda olduk\u00e7a \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr ve 25\u00b0C’de 53,5 g\/100 mL’lik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir.<\/p>\n

    S: Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn form\u00fcl\u00fc nedir?<\/h3>\n

    C: Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc KBr’dir.<\/p>\n

    S: KBr asit mi yoksa baz m\u0131?<\/h3>\n

    C: KBr bir tuzdur ve asidik veya bazik \u00f6zellikleri yoktur.<\/p>\n

    S: KBr nedir?<\/h3>\n

    C: KBr, benzersiz \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstrilerde kullan\u0131lan iyonik bir bile\u015fik olan potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn kimyasal sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    S: 250,0 mL 1,50 M KBr \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in ne kadar KBr k\u00fctlesine (gram cinsinden) ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var?<\/h3>\n

    C: 250,0 ml suda 1,50 M KBr’lik bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in 30,4 gram KBr’yi suda \u00e7\u00f6zmeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Potasyum brom\u00fcr (KBr), potasyum ve bromdan olu\u015fan kimyasal bir bile\u015fiktir. K\u00f6peklerde antikonv\u00fclsan olarak foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta, t\u0131pta ve veteriner hekimli\u011finde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. IUPAC Ad\u0131 Potasyum bromit Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl KBr CAS numaras\u0131 7758-02-3 E\u015f anlaml\u0131 Potasyum Brom\u00fcr, Potasyum Brom\u00fcr Tuzu, Kaliobromid, Bromopotasyum InChI InChI=1S\/BrH.K\/h1H;\/q;+1\/p-1 Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri Potasyum Brom\u00fcr Form\u00fcl\u00fc Potasyum brom\u00fcr\u00fcn kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc KBr’dir. Bu form\u00fcl … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nPotasyum brom\u00fcr - KBr, 7758-02-3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Potasyum brom\u00fcr (KBr), potasyum ve bromdan olu\u015fan kimyasal bir bile\u015fiktir. 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