{"id":609,"date":"2023-07-22T08:39:04","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T08:39:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/izopropanol-c3h8o\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T08:39:04","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T08:39:04","slug":"izopropanol-c3h8o","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/izopropanol-c3h8o\/","title":{"rendered":"I\u0307zopropanol (izopropil alkol) \u2013 c3h8o, 67-63-0"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme alkol\u00fc olarak da bilinen izopropanol (izopropil alkol), renksiz, yan\u0131c\u0131 bir kimyasal bile\u015fiktir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve etkili \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 solvent, dezenfektan ve antiseptik olarak yayg\u0131n \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC Ad\u0131<\/td>\n Propan-2-ol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/td>\n C3H8O<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/td>\n 67-63-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/td>\n \u0130zopropil alkol, 2-propanol, kuru propil alkol, dimetilkarbinol, IPA, tuvalet ispirtosu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/td>\n InChI=1S\/C3H8O\/c1-3(2)4\/h3-4H,1-2H3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u0130zopropanol\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"\u0130zopropil<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131, merkezi karbon atomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 bir hidroksil grubuna (-OH) sahip bir propan zincirinden olu\u015fur. Hidroksil grubu, izopropil alkole, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme ve bir\u00e7ok organik bile\u015fik i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rme yetene\u011fi de dahil olmak \u00fczere, bir alkol olarak karakteristik \u00f6zelliklerini verir. Propan zincirinin ilk karbon atomunda bir metil grubunun (-CH3) varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, izopropil alkole, nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama ve erime noktalar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere benzersiz \u00f6zelliklerini kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol Molar k\u00fctle<\/h3>\n

S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme alkol\u00fc olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan izopropil alkol\u00fcn molar k\u00fctlesi 60,1 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Molar k\u00fctle, bir maddenin bir mol\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fctlesidir; bu, 12 gram karbon-12’deki atomlarla ayn\u0131 say\u0131da varl\u0131k i\u00e7eren bir maddenin miktar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. \u0130zopropil alkol durumunda, bir mol madde 60,1 gram i\u00e7erir. Molar k\u00fctle, bir\u00e7ok kimyasal hesaplamada, \u00f6zellikle bir reaksiyon i\u00e7in gereken madde miktar\u0131n\u0131n veya bir \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin konsantrasyonunun belirlenmesinde \u00f6nemli bir parametredir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn kaynama noktas\u0131 atmosferik bas\u0131n\u00e7ta 82,6\u00b0C’dir (180,7\u00b0F). Kaynama noktas\u0131, bir maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 halden gaz haline ge\u00e7ti\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r ve maddenin molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetleri taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen fiziksel bir \u00f6zelliktir. \u0130zopropil alkol, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutu ve bir metil grubunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle etanol gibi di\u011fer alkollerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir kaynama noktas\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol Erime noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn erime noktas\u0131 -89\u00b0C’dir (-128,2\u00b0F). Erime noktas\u0131, bir maddenin kat\u0131 halden s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7ti\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r ve ayn\u0131 zamanda maddenin molek\u00fcller aras\u0131 kuvvetleri taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen fiziksel bir \u00f6zelliktir. \u0130zopropil alkol, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutu ve bir metil grubunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle di\u011fer alkollerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir erime noktas\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol Yo\u011funluk g\/mL<\/h3>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (20\u00b0C veya 68\u00b0F) 0,786 g\/mL’dir. Yo\u011funluk, bir maddenin birim hacim ba\u015f\u0131na k\u00fctlesidir ve maddenin atomik ve molek\u00fcler yap\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen fiziksel bir \u00f6zelliktir. \u0130zopropil alkol, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1 g\/mL olan sudan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir yo\u011funlu\u011fa sahiptir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropil Alkol Molek\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 60,1 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir molek\u00fcldeki t\u00fcm atomlar\u0131n atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131d\u0131r ve maddenin karakteristik bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. \u0130zopropil alkol, molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 46,1 g\/mol olan etanol gibi di\u011fer alkollerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropil Alkol Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h3>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc C3H8O’dur. Bu form\u00fcl, izopropil alkol molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan atomlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcrlerini temsil eder. Form\u00fcl, izopropil alkol\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 karbon atomu, sekiz hidrojen atomu ve bir oksijen atomu i\u00e7erdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Bu form\u00fcl, izopropil alkol\u00fcn molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve di\u011fer fiziksel ve kimyasal \u00f6zelliklerinin belirlenmesinde faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>\n Berrak, renksiz s\u0131v\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yer \u00e7ekimi<\/td>\n 20\u00b0C’de 0,786 g\/mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/td>\n Renksiz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/td>\n Karakteristik, alkoll\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/td>\n 60,1 g\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 20\u00b0C’de 0,786 g\/mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/td>\n -89\u00b0C (-128,2\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/td>\n Atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131nda 82,6\u00b0C (180,7\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 12,2\u00b0C (54\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Tamamen kar\u0131\u015fabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Organik solventlerle kar\u0131\u015fabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/td>\n 20\u00b0C’de 33,8 mmHg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/td>\n 2,07 (hava = 1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pKa<\/td>\n 16.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n 7 (n\u00f6tr)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u0130zopropanol\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130zopropanol, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck parlama noktas\u0131na sahip, son derece yan\u0131c\u0131 ve u\u00e7ucu bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r ve dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ciltte ve g\u00f6zlerde tahri\u015fe neden olabilir ve uzun s\u00fcreli veya tekrarl\u0131 maruz kalma, cildin kurumas\u0131na ve \u00e7atlamas\u0131na neden olabilir. \u0130zopropanol ayr\u0131ca solunmas\u0131 halinde solunum yolu tahri\u015fine ve ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesine neden olabilir ve yutulmas\u0131 mide bulant\u0131s\u0131, kusma ve kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na neden olabilir. \u0130zopropanol ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken eldiven, g\u00f6zl\u00fck ve solunum cihaz\u0131 gibi uygun koruyucu ekipmanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Depolama serin, kuru, iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir alanda, \u0131s\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131ndan ve uyumsuz malzemelerden uzakta olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembolleri<\/td>\n F, Xi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/td>\n Son derece yan\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 ve buhar. Ciddi g\u00f6z tahri\u015fine neden olur. Cilt tahri\u015fine neden olur. Yutuldu\u011funda zararl\u0131. Genetik anormalliklere neden oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcpheleniliyor. Do\u011furganl\u0131\u011fa veya do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fa zarar verme \u015f\u00fcphesi var. Uyu\u015fukluk veya ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesine neden olabilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u0130R tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131lar<\/td>\n UN1219<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/td>\n 2905.12.0000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/td>\n II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/td>\n LD50 (oral, s\u0131\u00e7an): 5.630 mg\/kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u0130zopropanol sentezi i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntemler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol olarak da bilinen izopropanol, \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemlerle sentezlenebilir.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n bir y\u00f6ntem, s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit<\/a> veya fosforik asit gibi bir kataliz\u00f6r kullan\u0131larak propilenin hidratlanmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. \u0130\u015flem, bir yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak izopropanol ve diizopropil eter \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in propilenin kataliz\u00f6r varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda suyla reaksiyonunu i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntem, bak\u0131r kromit veya nikel gibi bir kataliz\u00f6r kullan\u0131larak asetonun hidrojenlenmesini i\u00e7erir. \u0130\u015flemde asetonu izopropanole indirgemek i\u00e7in hidrojen gaz\u0131 ve kataliz\u00f6r kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 bakteri t\u00fcrleri, m\u0131s\u0131r veya \u015feker kam\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi karbonhidratlar\u0131 fermente ederek izopropanol \u00fcretebilir. \u0130\u015flem, karbonhidratlar\u0131n glikoza d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesini ve bunun daha sonra bakteriler taraf\u0131ndan fermente edilerek izopropanol \u00fcretilmesini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropanol\u00fcn sentezlenmesinin ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntemi, bir Grignard reaktifinin formaldehit<\/a> ile reaksiyonunu ve ard\u0131ndan asit katalizli hidrolizi i\u00e7erir. Bu y\u00f6ntem \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek derecede safl\u0131\u011fa sahip izopropanol \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6nteme bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, elde edilen izopropanol\u00fcn, t\u00fcm safs\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 gidermek ve istenen safl\u0131k seviyesine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in dam\u0131tma veya ba\u015fka y\u00f6ntemlerle safla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u0130zopropanol\u00fcn kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130zopropil alkol olarak da bilinen izopropanol\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstrilerde ve uygulamalarda bir\u00e7ok kullan\u0131m\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130zopropanol\u00fcn yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc: Ya\u011flar, re\u00e7ineler ve sak\u0131zlar dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli maddeler i\u00e7in etkili bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc. Kaplama, m\u00fcrekkep ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde solvent olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. Dezenfektan: Sa\u011fl\u0131k tesislerinde, laboratuvarlarda ve di\u011fer ortamlarda dezenfektan olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bakteri, vir\u00fcs ve mantarlar dahil bir\u00e7ok patojene kar\u015f\u0131 etkilidir.<\/li>\n
  3. Antiseptik: El dezenfektanlar\u0131 ve dezenfektan mendiller gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli topikal uygulamalarda antiseptik olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca cildin t\u0131bbi prosed\u00fcrlere haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda da kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  4. Temizlik maddesi: Elektronik bile\u015fenlerin, optik lenslerin ve hassas aletlerin temizli\u011fi gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli temizlik uygulamalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  5. Yak\u0131t: Benzinli ve dizel motorlarda yak\u0131t katk\u0131s\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca baz\u0131 yar\u0131\u015f arabalar\u0131nda yak\u0131t olarak da kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  6. Ekstraksiyon maddesi: Esansiyel ya\u011flar\u0131n, aromalar\u0131n ve parf\u00fcmlerin \u00fcretiminde \u00f6z\u00fctleyici olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  7. Kimyasal ara madde: aseton, izopropil asetat ve gliserol gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli kimyasallar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kimyasal ara madde olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sorular:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    S: \u0130zopropil alkol polar m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n

    C: Evet, izopropil alkol polar bir molek\u00fcld\u00fcr. \u00dc\u00e7 karbon atomlu bir zincire ba\u011fl\u0131 bir hidroksil grubuna (-OH) sahiptir, bu da onu polar bir molek\u00fcl yapar. Bu polarite onu bir\u00e7ok madde i\u00e7in iyi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc yapar.<\/p>\n

    S: \u0130zopropil alkol tuvalet ispirtosuyla ayn\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n

    C: Tuvalet ispirtosu, izopropil alkol veya etanolden yap\u0131lan bir alkol t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. \u0130zopropil alkol, su ve di\u011fer bile\u015fiklerle birlikte tuvalet ispirtosunun ana bile\u015fenlerinden biridir. Yani izopropil alkol, tuvalet ispirtosuyla tam olarak ayn\u0131 \u015fey olmasa da, tuvalet ispirtosunun \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fenidir.<\/p>\n

    S: \u0130zopropil alkol nereden al\u0131n\u0131r?<\/p>\n

    C: \u0130zopropil alkol eczaneler, marketler ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i perakendeciler dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklardan sat\u0131n al\u0131nabilir. Yayg\u0131n olarak %70 ila %99 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen konsantrasyonlarda sat\u0131l\u0131r ve %70 en yayg\u0131n olan\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek talep ve k\u0131tl\u0131k nedeniyle baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde izopropil alkol bulman\u0131n zor olabilece\u011fini unutmamak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme alkol\u00fc olarak da bilinen izopropanol (izopropil alkol), renksiz, yan\u0131c\u0131 bir kimyasal bile\u015fiktir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve etkili \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 solvent, dezenfektan ve antiseptik olarak yayg\u0131n \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. IUPAC Ad\u0131 Propan-2-ol Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl C3H8O CAS numaras\u0131 67-63-0 E\u015f anlaml\u0131 \u0130zopropil alkol, 2-propanol, kuru propil alkol, dimetilkarbinol, IPA, tuvalet ispirtosu InChI InChI=1S\/C3H8O\/c1-3(2)4\/h3-4H,1-2H3 \u0130zopropanol\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri \u0130zopropil alkol\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131 \u0130zopropil … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130zopropanol (izopropil alkol) - C3H8O, 67-63-0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u00fcrt\u00fcnme alkol\u00fc olarak da bilinen izopropanol (izopropil alkol), renksiz, yan\u0131c\u0131 bir kimyasal bile\u015fiktir. 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