{"id":536,"date":"2023-07-22T18:39:57","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T18:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/ch2cl2-diklorometan\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T18:39:57","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T18:39:57","slug":"ch2cl2-diklorometan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/ch2cl2-diklorometan\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch2cl2 \u2013 diklorometan, 75-09-2"},"content":{"rendered":"

Diklorometan (CH2Cl2) veya metilen klor\u00fcr, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli organik bile\u015fikleri \u00e7\u00f6zer ve kimya laboratuvarlar\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Boya s\u00f6kme ve ya\u011f alma i\u015flemlerinde de kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC Ad\u0131<\/td>\n Diklorometan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/td>\n CH2Cl2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/td>\n 75-09-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/td>\n Metilen Klor\u00fcr, Metilen Diklor\u00fcr, DCM, Narkotil, Solaesthin, Solmethine, vb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/td>\n InChI=1S\/CH2Cl2\/c2-1-3\/h1H2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
Diklorometan Yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/ml<\/h6>\n

Diklorometan\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1,326 g\/mL’dir. Bu de\u011fer, belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7ta birim hacim ba\u015f\u0131na diklorometan\u0131n k\u00fctlesini g\u00f6sterir. Diklorometan\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu nispeten y\u00fcksektir, bu da onu sudan daha yo\u011fun bir s\u0131v\u0131 yapar. Bu \u00f6zellik, onu farkl\u0131 yo\u011funluktaki maddeleri ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi baz\u0131 laboratuvar uygulamalar\u0131nda faydal\u0131 k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan\u0131n kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h6>\n

Diklorometan\u0131n kaynama noktas\u0131 39,6\u00b0C’dir (103,3\u00b0F). Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k, diklorometan\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131 formunun gaz haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi noktay\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Diklorometan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynama noktas\u0131, onu oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kolayca buharla\u015fabilen \u00e7ok u\u00e7ucu bir bile\u015fik haline getirir. Bu \u00f6zellik, kolayca buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi bir\u00e7ok laboratuvar uygulamas\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan Molar K\u00fctlesi<\/h6>\n

Metilen klor\u00fcr olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan diklorometan\u0131n molar k\u00fctlesi 84,93 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer, tek bir diklorometan molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn atomlar\u0131n\u0131n atomik k\u00fctlelerinin eklenmesiyle elde edilir. Diklorometan\u0131n molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl\u00fc CH2Cl2’dir; bu, onun bir karbon atomu, iki hidrojen atomu ve iki klor atomu i\u00e7erdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Molar k\u00fctle, belirli bir numunede bulunan bir maddenin miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelliktir.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan Erime Noktas\u0131<\/h6>\n

CH2Cl2’nin erime noktas\u0131 -97,4\u00b0C’dir (-143,3\u00b0F). Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k CH2Cl2’nin kat\u0131 formunun s\u0131v\u0131 durumuna ge\u00e7ece\u011fi noktay\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Ancak CH2Cl2 oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda u\u00e7ucu bir s\u0131v\u0131 oldu\u011fundan kat\u0131 halde nadiren bulunur. CH2Cl2’nin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck erime noktas\u0131 donmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda bile s\u0131v\u0131 kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan Molek\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h6>\n

CH2Cl2’nin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 84,93 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer tek bir CH2Cl2 molek\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn atomlar\u0131n\u0131n atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131d\u0131r. Molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, belirli bir numunede bulunan maddenin miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelliktir. <\/p>\n

\n
\"CH2Cl2\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
Diklorometan\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h6>\n

CH2Cl2, merkezi bir karbon atomunun iki klor atomuna ve iki hidrojen atomuna ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu tetrahedral bir molek\u00fcler yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Molek\u00fcl\u00fcn, karbon ve klor atomlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki elektronegatiflik fark\u0131ndan kaynaklanan bir dipol momenti vard\u0131r. Karbon atomu k\u0131smen pozitif y\u00fcke sahipken, klor atomlar\u0131 k\u0131smi negatif y\u00fcke sahiptir. Bu \u00f6zellik CH2Cl2’yi polar bir molek\u00fcl yapar.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h6>\n

Diklorometan\u0131n molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl\u00fc CH2Cl2’dir. Form\u00fcl, molek\u00fcl\u00fcn bir karbon atomu, iki hidrojen atomu ve iki klor atomu i\u00e7erdi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Form\u00fcl ayr\u0131ca tek bir diklorometan molek\u00fcl\u00fcndeki g\u00f6receli atom say\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda da bilgi sa\u011flar. Form\u00fcl, diklorometan i\u00e7eren kimyasal reaksiyonlar\u0131n stokiyometrisini belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>\n Renksiz s\u0131v\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yer \u00e7ekimi<\/td>\n 1.326<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/td>\n Renksiz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/td>\n Kloroforma benzer hafif koku<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/td>\n 84,93 gr\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 1.326 g\/mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/td>\n -97,4\u00b0C (-143,3\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 39,6\u00b0C (103,3\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/td>\n -22\u00b0C (-8\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n 20\u00b0C’de (68\u00b0F) 16,5 g\/L<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Bir\u00e7ok organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcyle kar\u0131\u015fabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/td>\n 20\u00b0C’de (68\u00b0F) 44,6 kPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/td>\n 2.93<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pKa<\/td>\n 4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n Do\u011fal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
Diklorometan\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Metilen klor\u00fcr olarak da bilinen diklorometan (CH2Cl2), uygun \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvenlik riskleri olu\u015fturan tehlikeli bir kimyasald\u0131r. Olduk\u00e7a yan\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve \u0131s\u0131ya veya a\u00e7\u0131k aleve maruz kalmas\u0131 durumunda yang\u0131na veya patlamaya neden olabilir. Buharlar\u0131n\u0131n solunmas\u0131 solunum yolu tahri\u015fine, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na, ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesine ve hatta bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131na neden olabilir. CH2Cl2 ile cilt temas\u0131 tahri\u015fe, yan\u0131klara veya kimyasal yan\u0131klara neden olabilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda potansiyel bir kanserojendir ve uzun s\u00fcreli maruz kalma karaci\u011fer ve akci\u011fer kanseri riskini art\u0131r\u0131r. CH2Cl2 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman kullanmak ve iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lan bir alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gibi uygun g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembolleri<\/td>\n Xn,F<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/td>\n Son derece yan\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 ve buhar. Yutulmas\u0131, solunmas\u0131 veya deri yoluyla emilmesi halinde zararl\u0131d\u0131r. Cilt tahri\u015fine ve ciddi g\u00f6z tahri\u015fine neden olur. Solunum yolu tahri\u015fine neden olabilir. Uyu\u015fukluk veya ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesine neden olabilir. Yutulmas\u0131 ve solunum yollar\u0131na girmesi \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olabilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u0130R tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131lar<\/td>\n BM 1593<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/td>\n 29031200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/td>\n II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/td>\n Diklorometan, Kategori 2 kanserojen olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve karaci\u011fer ve akci\u011fer kanseriyle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca merkezi sinir sistemi depresyonuna neden oldu\u011fu ve y\u00fcksek konsantrasyonlarda yutulmas\u0131 veya solunmas\u0131 halinde \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olabilece\u011fi bilinmektedir. Diklorometanla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken her zaman uygun g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
Diklorometan sentez y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc ve boya s\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lan renksiz bir s\u0131v\u0131 olan diklorometan\u0131n (CH2Cl2) sentezlenmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler vard\u0131r. Yayg\u0131n bir y\u00f6ntem, metan gaz\u0131n\u0131n, genellikle al\u00fcminyum klor\u00fcr veya ferrik klor\u00fcr gibi bir kataliz\u00f6r varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda klor gaz\u0131 ile reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Reaksiyon yan \u00fcr\u00fcnler olarak hem CH2Cl2 hem de hidrojen klor\u00fcr gaz\u0131 \u00fcretir. Ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntem, metanol\u00fcn hidrojen klor\u00fcr gaz\u0131 veya tiyonil klor\u00fcr ile klorlanmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu reaksiyon ayn\u0131 zamanda bir \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak CH2Cl2’nin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yan \u00fcr\u00fcnler olarak su veya k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit de \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntem, hidroklorik asit varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kloroformun \u00e7inko ile reaksiyonunu i\u00e7erir. Bu reaksiyon, yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak hidrojen gaz\u0131yla birlikte \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak hem CH2Cl2 hem de \u00e7inko klor\u00fcr \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

Etan veya propan gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli organik bile\u015fiklerin bir kataliz\u00f6r varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda klorlanmas\u0131, yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak CH2Cl2 \u00fcretebilir.<\/p>\n

Kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntem ne olursa olsun, tehlikeli \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 CH2Cl2’nin dikkatle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. CH2Cl2’yi sentezlerken ve i\u015flerken, uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman giymek ve iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gibi uygun g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan\u0131n kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Metilen klor\u00fcr olarak da bilinen diklorometan, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak end\u00fcstride ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda bir\u00e7ok uygulama bulur. \u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n ve boya, vernik gibi kaplamalar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Ayr\u0131ca elektronik imalat\u0131 ve metalurji end\u00fcstrilerinde ya\u011f giderme ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir temizlik maddesidir.<\/p>\n

Diklorometan bir\u00e7ok boya ve kaplama t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6zer ve \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r, bu da onu pop\u00fcler bir s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yapar. Ayr\u0131ca poli\u00fcretan k\u00f6p\u00fcklerin, polikarbonat re\u00e7inelerin ve di\u011fer plastiklerin \u00fcretiminde \u015fi\u015firici madde olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 da dikkate de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n

End\u00fcstriyel kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra diklorometan, bitki materyallerinden u\u00e7ucu ya\u011flar ve parf\u00fcmler gibi do\u011fal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ekstraksiyonunda da de\u011ferlidir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda organik sentezlerde laboratuvar reaktiflerinde kullan\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok organik bile\u015fik i\u00e7in de etkili bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ancak diklorometan, yan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve toksisite gibi tehlikeli \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 dikkatli kullan\u0131m gerektirir. \u0130yi havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak ve diklorometanla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman giymek de dahil olmak \u00fczere uygun g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Sorular:<\/strong><\/h5>\n
S: Diklorometan polar m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h6>\n

C: Evet, diklorometan polar bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

S: A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki risklerden hangisi diklorometanla ili\u015fkilidir?<\/h6>\n

C: Diklorometanla ili\u015fkili tehlikeler aras\u0131nda yan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, toksisitesi ve cilt ve solunum yolu tahri\u015fi potansiyeli yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S: Diklorometan yan\u0131c\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h6>\n

C: Evet, diklorometan yan\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve \u0131s\u0131ya veya a\u00e7\u0131k aleve maruz kalmas\u0131 durumunda yang\u0131na veya patlamaya neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

S: Diklorometan suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr m\u00fc?<\/h6>\n

C: Evet, diklorometan suda az \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, \u00f6ncelikle polar olmayan bile\u015fikler i\u00e7in bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve sulu \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Diklorometan (CH2Cl2) veya metilen klor\u00fcr, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli organik bile\u015fikleri \u00e7\u00f6zer ve kimya laboratuvarlar\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Boya s\u00f6kme ve ya\u011f alma i\u015flemlerinde de kullan\u0131labilir. IUPAC Ad\u0131 Diklorometan Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl CH2Cl2 CAS numaras\u0131 75-09-2 E\u015f anlaml\u0131 Metilen Klor\u00fcr, Metilen Diklor\u00fcr, DCM, Narkotil, Solaesthin, Solmethine, vb. InChI InChI=1S\/CH2Cl2\/c2-1-3\/h1H2 Diklorometan Yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/ml Diklorometan\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1,326 g\/mL’dir. … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nCH2Cl2 - Diklorometan, 75-09-2<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Diklorometan (CH2Cl2) veya metilen klor\u00fcr, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli organik bile\u015fikleri \u00e7\u00f6zer ve genellikle bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/ch2cl2-diklorometan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CH2Cl2 - 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