{"id":366,"date":"2023-07-23T21:47:19","date_gmt":"2023-07-23T21:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/hidroklorik-asit\/"},"modified":"2023-07-23T21:47:19","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T21:47:19","slug":"hidroklorik-asit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/hidroklorik-asit\/","title":{"rendered":"Hidroklorik asit \u2013 hcl, 7647-01-0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hidroklorik asit, laboratuvarlarda ve end\u00fcstriyel ortamlarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir asittir. Renksizdir ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, keskin bir kokusu vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC Ad\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n Hidroklorik asit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/strong><\/td>\n HC1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n 7647-01-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n Muriatik asit, tuz ruhu, hidroklorik asit, hidrojen klor\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/strong><\/td>\n InChI=1S\/HCl\/h1H\/p-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Hidroklorik asidin \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hidroklorik Asitin molar k\u00fctlesi <\/h3>\n
\n
\"hidroklorik<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Hidroklorik asidin molar k\u00fctlesi<\/a> 36,46 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer, bile\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fturan her bir elementin (bu durumda hidrojen ve klordur) atomik k\u00fctlelerinin eklenmesiyle belirlenir. Laboratuvarlarda ve end\u00fcstriyel ortamlarda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir asit olarak yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hidroklorik asitin kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Hidroklorik asitin kaynama noktas\u0131 -85,6\u00b0C’dir. Bu, bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n gaza d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Hidrojen klor\u00fcr\u00fcn kaynama noktas\u0131, alt\u0131ndaki bas\u0131nca ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 ne kadar y\u00fcksek olursa kaynama noktas\u0131 da o kadar y\u00fcksek olur.<\/p>\n

Hidroklorik asitin erime noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Hidroklorik asitin erime noktas\u0131 -114,8\u00b0C’dir. Bu, bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kat\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Hidrojen klor\u00fcr\u00fcn erime noktas\u0131, alt\u0131ndaki bas\u0131nca ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 ne kadar y\u00fcksek olursa erime noktas\u0131 o kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olur.<\/p>\n

Hidroklorik asit yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/ml<\/h3>\n

Hidroklorik asidin yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1,18 g\/ml’dir. Bu, 1 ml hidroklorik asitiniz varsa a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 1,18 gram olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Hidrojen klor\u00fcr\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin konsantrasyonundan etkilenir. Konsantrasyon ne kadar y\u00fcksek olursa yo\u011funluk da o kadar y\u00fcksek olur.<\/p>\n

Hidroklorik asitin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

HCl’nin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 36,46 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bu de\u011fer, bile\u015fi\u011fi olu\u015fturan her bir elementin (bu durumda hidrojen ve klordur) atomik k\u00fctlelerinin eklenmesiyle belirlenir. Hidrojen klor\u00fcr\u00fcn molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kimyasal reaksiyonlardaki reaktivitesini ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemede \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/strong><\/td>\n Berrak, renksiz s\u0131v\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yer \u00e7ekimi<\/strong><\/td>\n 1,19 gr\/cm3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/strong><\/td>\n Temizlemek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/strong><\/td>\n G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, keskin, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/strong><\/td>\n 36,46 gr\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/strong><\/td>\n 1,18 gr\/cm3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n -85\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n -85\u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n Yok<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/strong><\/td>\n Tamamen kar\u0131\u015fabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/strong><\/td>\n Su, alkol ve eter ile kar\u0131\u015fabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n 25\u00b0C’de 1560 mmHg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/strong><\/td>\n 25\u00b0C’de 1,2 g\/mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PKa<\/strong><\/td>\n -7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PH<\/strong><\/td>\n 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Hidroklorik asitin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hidrojen klor\u00fcr, cilt veya g\u00f6zlerle temas\u0131 halinde ciddi yan\u0131klara ve doku hasar\u0131na neden olabilecek olduk\u00e7a a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir kimyasald\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca solunmas\u0131 halinde zehirli dumanlar da \u00fcretebilir. Hidrojen klor\u00fcrle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken daima eldiven, g\u00f6zl\u00fck ve solunum cihaz\u0131 dahil uygun koruyucu ekipman giyilmelidir. Serin, iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lan bir alanda, \u0131s\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131ndan ve di\u011fer kimyasallardan uzakta saklanmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6k\u00fclme veya s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar derhal temizlenmeli ve ilgili yetkililere bildirilmelidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembol\u00fc<\/strong><\/td>\n A\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n Cilt ve g\u00f6zler i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r, ciddi yan\u0131klara ve kal\u0131c\u0131 hasara neden olabilir. Buharlar\u0131n solunmas\u0131 tahri\u015fe ve solunum hasar\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u0130R K\u0130ML\u0130K<\/strong><\/td>\n UN1789<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/strong><\/td>\n 2835.39.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/strong><\/td>\n 8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/strong><\/td>\n III<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/strong><\/td>\n Y\u00fcksek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Hidroklorik asit sentez y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Muriatik asit olarak da bilinen hidroklorik asit (HCl), \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstriyel ve laboratuvar uygulamalar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan olduk\u00e7a a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir mineral asittir. Hidrojen klor\u00fcr\u00fc sentezlemenin en yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntemlerinden biri, klor gaz\u0131 ve suyun reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu reaksiyon genellikle s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in manganez dioksit gibi bir kataliz\u00f6r\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n

HCl’yi sentezlemenin ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntemi, s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit ve sodyum klor\u00fcr veya kalsiyum klor\u00fcr gibi tuzun reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu reaksiyon ayn\u0131 zamanda yan \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir y\u00f6ntem sulu bir tuz \u00e7\u00f6zeltisinin elektrolize edilmesini i\u00e7erir. HCl gaz\u0131n\u0131n oksijenle oksidasyonu veya hidrojen klor\u00fcr\u00fcn sodyum hidroksit gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir bazla reaksiyonu yoluyla HCl’yi sentezlemek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Hidroklorik asitin kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Muriatik asit olarak da bilinen hidrojen klor\u00fcr (HCl), \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstriyel, laboratuvar ve ev uygulamalar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir inorganik asit olarak metalurji, g\u0131da \u00fcretimi ve in\u015faat gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli end\u00fcstrilerde temizlik maddesi ve kimyasal reaktif g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Metal i\u015f\u00e7ileri bunu metal y\u00fczeyleri temizlemek ve a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131yor, g\u0131da \u00fcreticileri bunu ekipman\u0131 sterilize etmek ve g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pH seviyelerini ayarlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131yor ve in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7ileri bunu betondaki y\u00fczeyleri temizlemek ve a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00fcbre, boya ve ila\u00e7 \u00fcretiminde de kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Laboratuvarlar ayr\u0131ca titrasyonlar ve pH ayarlamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131r. Pek \u00e7ok faydas\u0131na ra\u011fmen HCl \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hidroklorik asit, laboratuvarlarda ve end\u00fcstriyel ortamlarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir asittir. Renksizdir ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, keskin bir kokusu vard\u0131r. IUPAC Ad\u0131 Hidroklorik asit Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl HC1 CAS numaras\u0131 7647-01-0 E\u015f anlaml\u0131 Muriatik asit, tuz ruhu, hidroklorik asit, hidrojen klor\u00fcr InChI InChI=1S\/HCl\/h1H\/p-1 Hidroklorik asidin \u00f6zellikleri Hidroklorik Asitin molar k\u00fctlesi Hidroklorik asidin molar k\u00fctlesi 36,46 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHidroklorik asit - HCl, 7647-01-0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hidroklorik asit, laboratuvarlarda ve end\u00fcstriyel ortamlarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir asittir. 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