{"id":1118,"date":"2023-07-18T18:02:47","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T18:02:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/civa-klorur-hgcl2-7487-94-7\/"},"modified":"2023-07-18T18:02:47","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T18:02:47","slug":"civa-klorur-hgcl2-7487-94-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/civa-klorur-hgcl2-7487-94-7\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u0131va klor\u00fcr \u2013 hgcl2, 7487-94-7"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr HgCl2 form\u00fcl\u00fcne sahip toksik bir bile\u015fiktir. Laboratuvarlarda reaktif ve dezenfektan olarak kullan\u0131lan beyaz kristalli bir kat\u0131d\u0131r ancak uygun \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC Ad\u0131<\/td>\n C\u0131va(II) klor\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/td>\n HgCl2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/td>\n 7487-94-7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/td>\n C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, c\u0131va biklor\u00fcr, c\u0131va (II) diklor\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/td>\n InChI=1S\/2ClH.Hg\/h2*1H;\/q;;+2\/p-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u0131va Klor\u00fcr Form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h3>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn form\u00fcl\u00fc HgCl2’dir. Bir c\u0131va (Hg) atomu ve iki klor (Cl) atomundan olu\u015fur. Bu bile\u015fik ayn\u0131 zamanda c\u0131van\u0131n +2 oksidasyon durumunu simgeleyen c\u0131va(II) klor\u00fcr olarak da bilinir.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va Klor\u00fcr Molar K\u00fctlesi<\/h3>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn molar k\u00fctlesi yakla\u015f\u0131k 271,52 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bir c\u0131va atomunun (200,59 g\/mol) ve iki klor atomunun (her biri 35,45 g\/mol) atomik k\u00fctlelerinin eklenmesiyle hesaplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn kaynama noktas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 302\u00b0C’dir (575,6\u00b0F). Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kat\u0131 c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr buhara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn erime noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn erime noktas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k -71\u00b0C’dir (-95,8\u00b0F). Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kat\u0131 c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr s\u0131v\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/mL<\/h3>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131k 5,4 g\/mL’dir. Bu y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluk onu nispeten a\u011f\u0131r bir madde yapar.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va Klor\u00fcr Molek\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 271,52 g\/mol’d\u00fcr. Bile\u015fi\u011fin bir mol\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fctlesini g\u00f6sterir ve atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131 <\/h3>\n
\n
\"C\u0131va<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr kristal bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. \u0130yonik ba\u011flarla bir arada tutulan pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fc c\u0131va iyonlar\u0131ndan (Hg2+) ve negatif y\u00fckl\u00fc klor\u00fcr iyonlar\u0131ndan (Cl-) olu\u015fur. D\u00fczenleme kafes benzeri bir desen olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/h3>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 7,7 gram c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (20\u00b0C) 100 ml suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarla artar.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr olduk\u00e7a zehirli bir maddedir ve \u00e7ok dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kimyasal laboratuvarlarda reaktif olarak, dezenfektan olarak ve elektrokaplama i\u015flemleri dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Toksisitesi nedeniyle bu bile\u015fikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken uygun g\u00fcvenlik protokollerinin takip edilmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>\n Beyaz kristal kat\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yer \u00e7ekimi<\/td>\n 5.4g\/ml<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/td>\n Beyaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/td>\n Kokusuz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/td>\n 271,52 gr\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 5.4g\/ml<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/td>\n -71\u00b0C (-95,8\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 302\u00b0C (575,6\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n S\u0131n\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Alkol, eter gibi organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/td>\n \u0130hmal edilebilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/td>\n 8.23 (hava = 1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pKa<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n Asit (suda)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 toksisitesi nedeniyle \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvenlik riskleri olu\u015fturur. Cilde do\u011frudan temas etmesi veya buharlar\u0131n\u0131n solunmas\u0131 ciddi sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na neden olabilir. Eldiven ve solunum cihaz\u0131 gibi uygun koruyucu ekipmanlar kullan\u0131larak, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dikkatle kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Maruziyeti en aza indirmek i\u00e7in daima iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n. Uyumsuz maddelerden uzakta, s\u0131k\u0131ca kapal\u0131 kaplarda saklay\u0131n. Yutulmas\u0131 veya kazara maruz kalmas\u0131 durumunda derhal t\u0131bbi yard\u0131ma ba\u015fvurun. \u00c7evrenin kirlenmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in uygun imha y\u00f6ntemleri takip edilmelidir. Genel olarak, c\u0131va diklor\u00fcrle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken g\u00fcvenlik protokollerine s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembolleri<\/td>\n Kafatas\u0131 ve \u00e7apraz kemikler, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/td>\n \u00c7ok zehirli ve a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131. Son derece dikkatli kullan\u0131n. Do\u011frudan temastan ve dumanlar\u0131 solumaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BM kimlik numaralar\u0131<\/td>\n UN1624 (C\u0131va bile\u015fikleri, no.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/td>\n 2852.10.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n 6.1 (Zehirli maddeler)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/td>\n II (Orta Seviye)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/td>\n \u0130nsanlar ve hayvanlar i\u00e7in son derece zehirlidir. Dikkatli kullan\u0131n ve s\u0131k\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik protokollerini izleyin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr sentezi i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntemler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fc sentezlemek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n bir yakla\u015f\u0131m metalik c\u0131van\u0131n hidroklorik asitle<\/a> reaksiyonunu i\u00e7erir. Kontroll\u00fc bir ortamda, c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr \u00fcretmek ve hidrojen gaz\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in aside c\u0131va ekleyin. Bu reaksiyonun kimyasal denklemi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

Hg + 2HCl -> HgCl2 + H2<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntem, c\u0131va oksit (HgO) ile hidroklorik asit<\/a> aras\u0131ndaki reaksiyonu kullan\u0131r. C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr ve su olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in c\u0131va oksidi asitle birle\u015ftirin:<\/p>\n

HgO + 2HCl -> HgCl2 + H2O<\/p>\n

Ek olarak c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, c\u0131van\u0131n klor gaz\u0131 ile reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131yla \u00fcretilebilir:<\/p>\n

Hg + Cl2 -> HgCl2<\/p>\n

Toksik ve a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr sentezini yaln\u0131zca iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda veya kontroll\u00fc ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeyi unutmay\u0131n. Sentez i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda zararl\u0131 maruziyetten ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in dikkatli kullan\u0131m ve g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u0131va(II) klor\u00fcr olarak da bilinen c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, benzersiz \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle farkl\u0131 alanlarda \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalar bulmu\u015ftur. \u0130\u015fte ana kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131:<\/p>\n

Laboratuvar Reaktifi:<\/strong> C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, kimya laboratuvarlar\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli analitik ve sentetik prosed\u00fcrler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir reaktif olarak hizmet eder.<\/p>\n

Dezenfektan:<\/strong> G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc antimikrobiyal \u00f6zellikleri, onu \u00f6zellikle ekipman ve y\u00fczeylerin sterilizasyonunda bir dezenfektan olarak de\u011ferli k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

T\u0131p:<\/strong> Toksisitesi nedeniyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen geleneksel t\u0131pta belirli durumlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k:<\/strong> Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, c\u0131va klor\u00fcr erken foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta, foto\u011fraf geli\u015ftirmede sabitleme maddesi olarak rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Elektrokaplama:<\/strong> Elektrokaplama i\u015flemlerinde bireyler, \u00e7e\u015fitli nesneler \u00fczerinde metalik kaplamalar biriktirmek i\u00e7in elektrolit olarak c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Ah\u015fab\u0131n Korunmas\u0131:<\/strong> Tarih boyunca insanlar ah\u015fab\u0131 i\u015flemek, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ve zararl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tekstil end\u00fcstrisi:<\/strong> \u00dcreticiler, boyama i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda tekstillerden rengi \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in c\u0131va klor\u00fcr kulland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Analitik Kimya:<\/strong> Kimyac\u0131lar bunu kimyasal analizde belirli testler ve reaksiyonlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Ni\u015f organik sentez:<\/strong> belirli organik sentez reaksiyonlar\u0131nda uygulama bulur.<\/p>\n

Mantar ilac\u0131 ve yosun ilac\u0131:<\/strong> \u00c7ift\u00e7iler bunu tar\u0131mda mantar ve alglerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in aktif olarak mantar ilac\u0131 ve yosun ilac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sorular:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

S: HgCl2 suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr m\u00fc yoksa \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez mi?<\/h3>\n

C: HgCl2 suda az \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

S: HgCl2 bile\u015fi\u011finin katyonu ve anyonu nedir?<\/h3>\n

A: Katyon Hg2+ (c\u0131va) ve anyon Cl-‘dir (klor\u00fcr).<\/p>\n

S: HgCl2 iyonik mi yoksa kovalent mi?<\/h3>\n

C: HgCl2 iyonik bir bile\u015fiktir.<\/p>\n

S: Minecraft’ta C\u0131va Klor\u00fcr nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n

C: Minecraft’ta C\u0131va Diklor\u00fcr, C\u0131va ve Klor’un bir \u00fcretim masas\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilmesiyle sentezlenebilir.<\/p>\n

S: C\u0131va klor\u00fcr ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n

C: C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr laboratuvarlarda reaktif ve dezenfektan olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Soru: C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fc kim icat etti?<\/h3>\n

C: C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn ke\u015ffi ve ilk kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00e7ok eskilere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan belirli bir envanteri yoktur.<\/p>\n

S: Minecraft Education Edition’da C\u0131va Klor\u00fcr nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n

C: Minecraft Education Edition’da, t\u0131pk\u0131 standart Minecraft versiyonunda oldu\u011fu gibi, Merk\u00fcrik Diklor\u00fcr, c\u0131va ve klorun bir \u00fcretim masas\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilmesiyle olu\u015fturulabilir.<\/p>\n

S: C\u0131va klor\u00fcr nedir?<\/h3>\n

C: C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, HgCl2 kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fcne sahip toksik bir bile\u015fiktir.<\/p>\n

S: HgCl2 kat\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h3>\n

C: Evet, HgCl2 oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S: \u0130yonik adland\u0131rmada HgCl2’nin do\u011fru ad\u0131 nedir?<\/h3>\n

C: \u0130yonik adland\u0131rmada HgCl2’nin do\u011fru ad\u0131 c\u0131va(II) diklor\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

S: HgCl2’nin ad\u0131 nedir?<\/h3>\n

C: HgCl2’nin ad\u0131 c\u0131va diklor\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Soru: 2 HgCl2(aq) + C2O4^(2-)(aq) \u2192 2 Cl^-(aq) + 2 CO2(g) + Hg2Cl2(s), reaksiyonun h\u0131z kanunu nedir?<\/h3>\n

A: H\u0131z kanunu: H\u0131z = k[HgCl2]^2[C2O4^2-] (HgCl2’ye g\u00f6re ikinci dereceden ve C2O4^2-‘ye g\u00f6re birinci dereceden).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u0131va klor\u00fcr HgCl2 form\u00fcl\u00fcne sahip toksik bir bile\u015fiktir. Laboratuvarlarda reaktif ve dezenfektan olarak kullan\u0131lan beyaz kristalli bir kat\u0131d\u0131r ancak uygun \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. IUPAC Ad\u0131 C\u0131va(II) klor\u00fcr Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl HgCl2 CAS numaras\u0131 7487-94-7 E\u015f anlaml\u0131 C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, c\u0131va diklor\u00fcr, c\u0131va biklor\u00fcr, c\u0131va (II) diklor\u00fcr InChI InChI=1S\/2ClH.Hg\/h2*1H;\/q;;+2\/p-2 C\u0131va klor\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri C\u0131va Klor\u00fcr Form\u00fcl\u00fc C\u0131va diklor\u00fcr\u00fcn form\u00fcl\u00fc … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nC\u0131va klor\u00fcr - HgCl2, 7487-94-7<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u0131va klor\u00fcr HgCl2 form\u00fcl\u00fcne sahip toksik bir bile\u015fiktir. 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