{"id":1082,"date":"2023-07-19T04:02:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T04:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/nikel-sulfat-niso4-7786-81-4\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T04:02:00","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T04:02:00","slug":"nikel-sulfat-niso4-7786-81-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/nikel-sulfat-niso4-7786-81-4\/","title":{"rendered":"Nikel s\u00fclfat \u2013 niso4, 7786-81-4"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nikel s\u00fclfat (NiSO4), nikel, k\u00fck\u00fcrt ve oksijen atomlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir bile\u015fiktir. Yayg\u0131n olarak elektrokaplamada, kataliz\u00f6rlerde ve baz\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerde besin maddesi olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
IUPAC Ad\u0131<\/td>\n Nikel(II) s\u00fclfat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molek\u00fcler form\u00fcl<\/td>\n NiSO4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS numaras\u0131<\/td>\n 7786-81-4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
E\u015f anlaml\u0131<\/td>\n Nikel s\u00fclfat, s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asidin nikel tuzu, nikel (II) s\u00fclfat, nikel (2+); s\u00fclfat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChI<\/td>\n InChI=1S\/Ni.H2O4S\/c;1-5(2,3)4\/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)\/q+2;\/p-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc NiSO4’t\u00fcr. Bir nikel atomu (Ni) ve bir s\u00fclfat grubunun (SO4) kombinasyonunu temsil eder. Form\u00fcl, s\u00fclfat grubundaki oksijenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra nikel ve k\u00fck\u00fcrt\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

Nikel S\u00fclfat Molar K\u00fctlesi<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n (NiSO4) molar k\u00fctlesi, onu olu\u015fturan elementlerin atomik k\u00fctleleri toplanarak hesaplan\u0131r. Nikel (Ni) mol ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 58,69 gram atom k\u00fctlesine sahipken, k\u00fck\u00fcrt (S) mol ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 32,07 gram atom k\u00fctlesine ve oksijen (O) mol ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 16 gram atom k\u00fctlesine sahiptir. Bu de\u011ferlerin eklenmesiyle nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n molar k\u00fctlesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak mol ba\u015f\u0131na 154,76 gram oldu\u011fu tespit edilir.<\/p>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n kaynama noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n belirli bir kaynama noktas\u0131 yoktur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ancak ayr\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve di\u011fer maddelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rlerden etkilendi\u011fini unutmamak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu nedenle nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klara maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dikkatli kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat Erime noktas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n erime noktas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 santigrat derecedir (212 derece Fahrenheit). Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131kta nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n kat\u0131 formu s\u0131v\u0131 duruma ge\u00e7er. Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n safl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kristal yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin erime noktas\u0131n\u0131 az da olsa etkileyebilece\u011fini belirtmekte fayda var.<\/p>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\/mL<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu birim hacim ba\u015f\u0131na k\u00fctlesini ifade eder. Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu tipik olarak mililitre ba\u015f\u0131na 3,68 gram (g\/mL) civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yo\u011funlu\u011fun numunenin s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve safl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fine dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Nikel S\u00fclfat Molek\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n (NiSO4) molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, onu olu\u015fturan elementlerin atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131d\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce de belirtildi\u011fi gibi nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 mol ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 154,76 gramd\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\n
\"Nikel<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat kat\u0131 halde kristal bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Her bir nikel (Ni2+) iyonunun s\u00fclfat gruplar\u0131ndan alt\u0131 oksijen atomu ile \u00e7evrelendi\u011fi monoklinik kristaller olu\u015fturur. S\u00fclfat gruplar\u0131, kristal kafesin verimli bir \u015fekilde s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verecek \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/h3>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat suda orta derecede \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir. Suda kolayca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr, s\u0131cakl\u0131k artt\u0131k\u00e7a \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc artar. Di\u011fer iyonlar\u0131n ve maddelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc etkileyebilir. Ek olarak nikel s\u00fclfat, su molek\u00fclleri ile birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde hidratlar olu\u015fturabilir ve bu da \u00e7e\u015fitli nikel s\u00fclfat hidratlar\u0131n olu\u015fumuna yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>\n Mavi\/ye\u015fil kristaller<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Spesifik yer \u00e7ekimi<\/td>\n 3.68g\/ml<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Renk<\/td>\n Mavi-ye\u015fil<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Koku<\/td>\n Kokusuz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar k\u00fctle<\/td>\n 154,76 gr\/mol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n 3.68g\/ml<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
F\u00fczyon noktas\u0131<\/td>\n 100\u00b0C (212\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/td>\n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fla\u015f noktas\u0131<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sudaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n \u00c7ok \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/td>\n Suda ve etanol gibi organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Buhar yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pKa<\/td>\n -1.1 (s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n Asit (yakla\u015f\u0131k 4)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Nikel S\u00fclfat\u0131n G\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve Tehlikeleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken baz\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik riskleri ta\u015f\u0131r. Potansiyel risklerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in dikkatli bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Ciltte tahri\u015fe veya hassasiyete neden olabilece\u011finden do\u011frudan cilt temas\u0131 en aza indirilmelidir. Olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerine neden olabilece\u011finden nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n yutulmas\u0131 veya solunmas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Nikel s\u00fclfatla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken maddeyle temas\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in eldiven ve g\u00f6zl\u00fck gibi uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipmanlar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Nikel s\u00fclfat, uyumsuz malzemelerden uzakta, serin ve kuru bir yerde saklanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Havadaki par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n konsantrasyonunu en aza indirmek i\u00e7in nikel s\u00fclfatla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken yeterli havaland\u0131rma gereklidir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Tehlike sembolleri<\/td>\n Hi\u00e7biri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcvenlik A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/td>\n – Cilt ile temas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n
\u2013 Yutmaktan ve solumaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n
\u2013 Uygun ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman giyin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HS kodu<\/td>\n 2833.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tehlike s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/td>\n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paketleme grubu<\/td>\n Uygulanamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Toksisite<\/td>\n Ciltte tahri\u015fe veya hassasiyete neden olabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat sentez y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n sentezlenmesi i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n bir yakla\u015f\u0131m, metalik nikel veya nikel oksit ile s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit<\/a> aras\u0131ndaki reaksiyonu i\u00e7erir. Bu y\u00f6ntemde s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit metalik Ni veya nikel oksidi \u00e7\u00f6zerek nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur. Verimli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in reaksiyonu s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma gibi kontroll\u00fc ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntem, s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asidin<\/a> nikel karbonatla reaksiyonunu i\u00e7erir. S\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit nikel karbonat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zerek nikel s\u00fclfat \u00fcretir. Kimyac\u0131lar genellikle bu y\u00f6ntemi, uygun bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 malzemesi sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, kolayca bulunabilen nikel karbonata sahip olduklar\u0131nda kullan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Ek olarak s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit, NiSO4’\u00fc sentezlemek i\u00e7in nikel hidroksiti \u00e7\u00f6zebilir. Nikel hidroksitin s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asitte<\/a> \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesi NiSO4 olu\u015fumuna yol a\u00e7ar. Bu y\u00f6ntem, nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n sentezi i\u00e7in bir \u00f6nc\u00fc olarak nikel hidroksitin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 istendi\u011finde uygundur.<\/p>\n

Sentez i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda uygun g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerine uyman\u0131z gerekti\u011fini unutmamak \u00f6nemlidir. Buna uygun koruyucu ekipman\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m prosed\u00fcrleri de dahildir. Zararl\u0131 buharlara maruz kalma riskini en aza indirmek i\u00e7in reaksiyonlar\u0131 iyi havaland\u0131r\u0131lan bir alanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirin. S\u0131cakl\u0131k ve konsantrasyon gibi reaksiyon parametrelerinin dikkatli kontrol\u00fc, optimum nikel s\u00fclfat d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve verimini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Nikel S\u00fclfat\u0131n Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nikel s\u00fclfat\u0131n farkl\u0131 end\u00fcstrilerde \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n