{"id":1464,"date":"2023-07-14T17:07:48","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T17:07:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/"},"modified":"2023-07-14T17:07:48","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T17:07:48","slug":"itriyum","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/","title":{"rendered":"I\u0307triyum"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Uzay g\u00f6revlerinden al\u0131nan ay topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda itriyum i\u00e7erdi\u011fini biliyor muydunuz? Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yer kabu\u011funda da bu kimyasal element genellikle magmatik kayalardan iyon de\u011fi\u015fimi yoluyla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan metalurji ve di\u011fer end\u00fcstriler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zelliklerini, k\u00f6kenini ve ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedin.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>\u0130triyum nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> \u0130yi i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi, s\u00fcnekli\u011fi, reaktivitesi ve havadaki oksidasyonu ile tan\u0131nan bir elementtir. Genellikle nadir toprak elementleri aras\u0131nda yer alan parlak, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fi beyaz bir ge\u00e7i\u015f metalidir. Ayr\u0131ca kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri lantanitlerle benzerlik g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu nedenle Lantan&#8217;\u0131n \u00fczerinde grup IIIB&#8217;de bulunur.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>\u0130triyum sembol\u00fc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span class=\"content-chemical-element\" style=\"float: left;width: 65px;height: 65px;border: 3px solid #666; display:flex;\n    justify-content: center;align-items: center;margin-right: 15px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 38px;\">Y<\/span><\/span> \u0130lk periyodik sistemler aras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Yttrium kimyasal elementinin ilk sembol\u00fc Yt idi. Daha sonra, ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u0130sve\u00e7 kasabas\u0131n\u0131n onuruna, Ytterby ad\u0131 verilen mevcut kasabayla de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. Ayr\u0131ca Terbium, Erbium ve \u0130tterbium gibi di\u011fer metaller de bu yer sayesinde isimlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>\u0130triyumun \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Atom k\u00fctlesi 88,90 amu, alt\u0131gen kristal yap\u0131s\u0131 ve +3 oksidasyon numaras\u0131na sahiptir. \u0130yi bir \u0131s\u0131 ve elektrik iletkenidir, ayr\u0131ca al\u00fcminyumla ala\u015f\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcksek sertli\u011fe sahiptir. Bu metalin di\u011fer \u00f6zelliklerine bak\u0131n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Kimyasal Reaktivite<\/strong> : Belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a reaktiftir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Erime ve kaynama<\/strong> : Y\u00fcksek.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>S\u00fcneklik<\/strong> : Di\u015f veya iplik elde edinceye kadar kopmadan deforme olabilir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Hal<\/strong> : Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda normal hali kat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>De\u011fi\u015fiklikler<\/strong> : 326,85\u00b0C&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde yanar.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Renk<\/strong> : Parlak g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f tonlar\u0131nda beyaz.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/strong> : Metal tala\u015f\u0131 ve toz genellikle 20\u00b0C&#8217;de tutu\u015fur.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>D\u00f6v\u00fclebilirlik<\/strong> : \u0130nce levhalar olu\u015fturma \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kararl\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong> : 400\u00b0C&#8217;nin alt\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda havada olduk\u00e7a kararl\u0131d\u0131r, ancak \u00e7ok ince b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen genellikle karars\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Yo\u011funluk<\/strong> : \u00c7ok hafif bir elementtir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> <strong>\u0130triyumun kimyasal ve fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li> <strong>Atom numaras\u0131<\/strong> : 39<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Yo\u011funluk (g\/ml)<\/strong> : 4472 kg\/m\u00b3<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\u00d6zg\u00fcl \u0131s\u0131<\/strong> : 300 J\/(K-kg)<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kovalent yar\u0131\u00e7ap (\u00c5)<\/strong> : 162 pm<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Seviye ba\u015f\u0131na elektronlar<\/strong> : 2, 8, 18, 9, 2<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kaynama noktas\u0131<\/strong> : 3336\u00b0 C (3609 K)<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Birinci iyonla\u015fma potansiyeli (eV)<\/strong> : 600 kJ\/mol<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Ses h\u0131z\u0131<\/strong> : 293,15 K&#8217;da 3300 m\/s<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Elektronik konfig\u00fcrasyon<\/strong> : [Kr]4d <sup>1<\/sup> 5s <sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li> <strong>Buharla\u015fma entalpisi<\/strong> : 363 kJ\/mol<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Erime noktas\u0131<\/strong> : 1526\u00b0C (1799K)<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Atom k\u00fctlesi (g\/mol)<\/strong> : 88.90585<\/li>\n<li> <strong>oksit<\/strong> : zay\u0131f baz<\/li>\n<li> <strong>F\u00fczyon entalpisi<\/strong> : 11,4 kJ\/mol<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Atom yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 (\u00c5)<\/strong> : 212 pm<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Elektronegatiflik<\/strong> : 1.22<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Oksidasyon durumlar\u0131<\/strong> : 3<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2> <strong>\u0130triyumun k\u00f6keni<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Bu ke\u015fif, 1794 y\u0131l\u0131nda Finlandiyal\u0131 kimyager Johan Gadolin&#8217;in sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r. Bu ke\u015fif, \u0130sve\u00e7&#8217;in bir kasabas\u0131 olan Ytterby&#8217;nin, Yttria minerali i\u00e7indeki \u00fcnl\u00fc madeninde meydana geldi. Daha sonra 1828 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alman Friedrich W\u00f6hler sayesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131yla izole edildi.<\/p>\n<p> Yttrium&#8217;un tarihine g\u00f6re bu kimyasal element, izole edilen ilk nadir toprakt\u0131. Daha sonra Ytterby madeninden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan minerallerden skandiyum gibi di\u011fer elementleri sentezlemeyi ba\u015fard\u0131lar. Ek olarak ayn\u0131 Yttria mineraliyle \u00e7e\u015fitli elementler sentezlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>\u0130triyum ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu element pas ve metal gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli uygulamalarda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin metalurji end\u00fcstrisinde ala\u015f\u0131m yap\u0131m\u0131nda ticari olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi \u00f6zellikleri ve ko\u015fullar\u0131 nedeniyle onu kullanman\u0131n yollar\u0131 artmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0130triyum oksit, mikrodalga filtreleri ve akustik enerjinin iletimi i\u00e7in ideal bir bile\u015fik olan sentetik garnetlerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Al\u00fcminyum veya gadolinyuma ba\u011fl\u0131 itriyum oksit, manyetik \u00f6zelliklere ve genellikle de\u011ferli ta\u015f olarak kullan\u0131lan Mohs \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine g\u00f6re 8,5 mineral sertli\u011fine sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li> Molibden, krom, titanyum ve zirkonyum tanelerini azaltmak i\u00e7in az miktarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Etilenin polimerizasyonu s\u0131ras\u0131nda kataliz\u00f6r g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li> X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ekranlarda bile\u015fen olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Elektrikli motosikletlerin Li-ion ak\u00fclerine eklenerek \u015farj h\u0131zlar\u0131 ve faydal\u0131 d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<li> Yttralox \u015feffaf seramik, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klara, lazerlere, k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi pencerelere ve y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluklu lambalara dayan\u0131kl\u0131 lensler i\u00e7in itriyum oksitten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Oksit cama mukavemet kazand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Fosforun bir bile\u015feni olarak televizyon katot \u0131\u015f\u0131n t\u00fcplerinde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> Havac\u0131l\u0131k t\u00fcrbinlerindeki nikel s\u00fcper ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na s\u0131kl\u0131kla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlar eklenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> <strong>\u0130triyum nerede bulunur?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde en \u00e7ok bulunan nadir toprakt\u0131r ancak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131 olduk\u00e7a zordur. Ancak \u0130sve\u00e7, Gr\u00f6nland, Japonya, Colorado ve Norve\u00e7&#8217;te bulunur. Ayr\u0131ca bu elementin \u00f6zellikleri genellikle Nuevita, Fergusonite ve Bastnasite gibi minerallerde bulunur.<\/p>\n<p> Sonu\u00e7 olarak itriyum hafif, s\u00fcnek, d\u00f6v\u00fclebilir ve reaktif bir kimyasal elementtir. Elektri\u011fi ve \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 iletebilir ve oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yanabilir. Ge\u00e7i\u015f metallerinden biridir ve nadir topraklarla benzerlikleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uzay g\u00f6revlerinden al\u0131nan ay topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda itriyum i\u00e7erdi\u011fini biliyor muydunuz? Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yer kabu\u011funda da bu kimyasal element genellikle magmatik kayalardan iyon de\u011fi\u015fimi yoluyla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan metalurji ve di\u011fer end\u00fcstriler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zelliklerini, k\u00f6kenini ve ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. \u0130triyum nedir? \u0130yi i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi, s\u00fcnekli\u011fi, reaktivitesi ve havadaki oksidasyonu &#8230; <a title=\"I\u0307triyum\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/\" aria-label=\"More on I\u0307triyum\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0130triyum - Chemuza<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0130triyum - Chemuza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Uzay g\u00f6revlerinden al\u0131nan ay topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda itriyum i\u00e7erdi\u011fini biliyor muydunuz? Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yer kabu\u011funda da bu kimyasal element genellikle magmatik kayalardan iyon de\u011fi\u015fimi yoluyla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan metalurji ve di\u011fer end\u00fcstriler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zelliklerini, k\u00f6kenini ve ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. \u0130triyum nedir? \u0130yi i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi, s\u00fcnekli\u011fi, reaktivitesi ve havadaki oksidasyonu ... Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Chemuza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/\",\"name\":\"\u0130triyum - Chemuza\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-14T17:07:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-14T17:07:48+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ev\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"I\u0307triyum\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"Chemuza\",\"description\":\"Kimyasal ke\u015fiflere a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131n\u0131z!\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Chemuza\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png\",\"width\":387,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"Chemuza\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0130triyum - Chemuza","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0130triyum - Chemuza","og_description":"Uzay g\u00f6revlerinden al\u0131nan ay topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda itriyum i\u00e7erdi\u011fini biliyor muydunuz? Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yer kabu\u011funda da bu kimyasal element genellikle magmatik kayalardan iyon de\u011fi\u015fimi yoluyla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan metalurji ve di\u011fer end\u00fcstriler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zelliklerini, k\u00f6kenini ve ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. \u0130triyum nedir? \u0130yi i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi, s\u00fcnekli\u011fi, reaktivitesi ve havadaki oksidasyonu ... Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku","og_url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/","og_site_name":"Chemuza","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"4 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/","name":"\u0130triyum - Chemuza","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-07-14T17:07:48+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-14T17:07:48+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/itriyum\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ev","item":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"I\u0307triyum"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/","name":"Chemuza","description":"Kimyasal ke\u015fiflere a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131n\u0131z!","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization","name":"Chemuza","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png","width":387,"height":70,"caption":"Chemuza"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"yoast_meta":{"yoast_wpseo_title":"","yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","yoast_wpseo_canonical":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1464"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1464"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1464\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}