{"id":1461,"date":"2023-07-14T17:36:59","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T17:36:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/"},"modified":"2023-07-14T17:36:59","modified_gmt":"2023-07-14T17:36:59","slug":"brom","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/","title":{"rendered":"Brom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Brom, do\u011fal haliyle denizlerde brom\u00fcr halinde bulunur. Ek olarak, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda klor ile oksitlenen yeralt\u0131 tuzlu su yataklar\u0131nda da bulunur. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tahri\u015f edici, \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131 elementtir. Kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri ve \u00f6zelliklerinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Brom nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Periyodik tabloda atom numaras\u0131 35 ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f, halojen\u00fcrlere ait kimyasal bir elementtir. K\u0131vamda s\u0131v\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkte, yo\u011fun, \u00e7ok u\u00e7ucu, y\u00fcksek kimyasal reaktiviteye sahip, iyot ve klor aras\u0131nda bir ara maddedir. Ayr\u0131ca sabit bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k sergileyen tek metalik olmayan s\u0131v\u0131 bile\u015fiktir.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>Brom sembol\u00fc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span class=\"content-chemical-element\" style=\"float: left; width: 65px; height: 65px; border: 3px solid #666; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin-right: 15px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 38px;\">Br<\/span><\/span> ismi, pis koku, pis koku veya veba anlam\u0131na gelen Yunanca bromos kelimesinden gelmektedir. 1826&#8217;da kimyager Antoine-J\u00e9r\u00f4me Balard taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi ve do\u011fal halindeyken g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve ho\u015f olmayan kokulara sahip buharlar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etti.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Bromun \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Periyodik tablonun 17. grup, 4. periyot ve p blo\u011funda yer alan bir halojendir. 35 protondan olu\u015fan kararl\u0131 bir \u00e7ekirde\u011fe sahiptir. Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kolayca buharla\u015farak yo\u011fun k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bir gaz olu\u015fturur. Ayr\u0131ca di\u011fer \u00f6zellikler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Durumu<\/strong> : S\u0131v\u0131, yo\u011fun ve u\u00e7uculu\u011fu y\u00fcksek. Kaynarken gaz haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Renk<\/strong> : Koyu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 metalik.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Tat ve koku<\/strong> : Ac\u0131, bo\u011fucu ve dayan\u0131lmaz bir kokuya sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Bile\u015fimi<\/strong> : \u00c7ok aktif diatomik molek\u00fcllerden olu\u015fur.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Toksisite<\/strong> : Y\u00fcksek olup, hayati organlara ve atmosfere ciddi zarar verir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Reaktivite<\/strong> : Demirli metaller i\u00e7in \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong> : Suda zay\u0131ft\u0131r, eter, kloroform, alkol ve karbon tetraklor\u00fcrde aktiftir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kristalle\u015fme<\/strong> : Gaz halinde, Bromin kimyasal elementinin molek\u00fclleri ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak erime noktas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda donar ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ortorombik kristaller olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> <strong>Bromun kimyasal ve fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li> <strong>Atom numaras\u0131<\/strong> : 35<\/li>\n<li> <strong>D\u00f6nem<\/strong> : 4<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Engelle<\/strong> \ud83d\ude1b<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Grup<\/strong> : 17<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kovalent yar\u0131\u00e7ap (\u00c5):<\/strong> 114 pm<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Yo\u011funluk: 3119<\/strong> Kg\/m3<\/li>\n<li> <strong>kaynama noktas\u0131:<\/strong> 59\u00b0C<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Erime noktas\u0131:<\/strong> -7\u00b0C<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Atom yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131:<\/strong> 94 saat<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Ortalama Radyo:<\/strong> 23:00<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kabuk ba\u015f\u0131na elektron say\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> 2, 8, 18, 7<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Elektronegatiflik:<\/strong> 2,96<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\u00d6zg\u00fcl \u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> 480 J \/ (K kg)<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Oksidasyon durumu<\/strong> : -1, +1, +3, +5<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Elektronik konfig\u00fcrasyon:<\/strong> [Ar] 4s23d104p5<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Atom k\u00fctlesi (g\/mol):<\/strong> 79.904 u<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Is\u0131 iletkenli\u011fi:<\/strong> 0,122 W \/ (Km)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2> <strong>Bromun k\u00f6keni<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Yakla\u015f\u0131k 1825 ve 1826 y\u0131llar\u0131nda kimyager Carl Jacob L\u00f6wig ve Antoine Balard taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Carl L\u00f6wig, bir g\u00f6lden su toplam\u0131\u015f, buna kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 bir renk veren klor ve eter eklemi\u015ftir. yo\u011fun madde.<\/p>\n<p> Antoine Balard ise elementi izole etmek i\u00e7in k\u00fclleri tuzlu su ile birle\u015ftirdi. Daha sonra onu manganez dioksitle dam\u0131tt\u0131, sonu\u00e7ta k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 buharlar olu\u015ftu ve yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok koyu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Daha sonra 1958&#8217;den itibaren daha b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o y\u0131l bu element a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin tuz yataklar\u0131 ke\u015ffedildi.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Brom ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Bu element, end\u00fcstriyel olarak suyu ar\u0131tmak, parazitleri gidermek ve petrol bile\u015fiklerini oksitlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan inorganik ve organik bile\u015fikleri olu\u015fturur. Ayr\u0131ca kimyasal maddeler i\u00e7in renklendirici olarak ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki uygulamalarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>benzin katk\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> Etilen dibromit bile\u015fi\u011fi araba motorlar\u0131ndaki kur\u015fun kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Bu sayede yak\u0131t daha hassas \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve arac\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc uzar.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>Merk\u00fcr&#8217;\u00fcn eylemini en aza indirin<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> Toksisitesiyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bir metal olan c\u0131van\u0131n etkisini azaltmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel tesislerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bunun nedeni bromun metaller \u00fczerindeki a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etkisidir.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>t\u0131bbi eylemler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> Antikonv\u00fclsanlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda tuz formundaki brom\u00fcrler kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ek olarak bromlu bile\u015fikler analjezik, sedatif ve antihistamin ila\u00e7lar\u0131nda i\u00e7erik maddesi olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca zat\u00fcrre ve uyu\u015fturucu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7larda da kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>alev geciktirici<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> S\u0131v\u0131 alevlerle temas etti\u011finde, yang\u0131n\u0131n oksitlenmesini durduran ve s\u00f6nd\u00fcren bir bile\u015fik olan hidrobromik asite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bu \u00f6zellik, yang\u0131n\u0131n etkisini geciktiren polimerlerin ve re\u00e7inelerin kullan\u0131m\u0131nda onu faydal\u0131 k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Brom nerede bulunur?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Genellikle ticari olarak Arkansas ve Utah, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri&#8217;nde bulunan tuz madenlerinden ve tuzlu sulardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Ekstraksiyon i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, brom\u00fcr bile\u015fiklerini oksitlemek i\u00e7in tuzlu suya s\u0131cak klor gaz\u0131 eklenir. Ama\u00e7 saf Brom elde etmektir.<\/p>\n<p> \u00d6zetle Brom, yo\u011fun, s\u0131v\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda stabil olan bir halojen\u00fcr elementidir. Tahri\u015f edici kokusu, toksisitesi ve reaktivitesi ile ay\u0131rt edilir, bu nedenle dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bununla birlikte organik ve inorganik bile\u015fikleri end\u00fcstriyel ve t\u0131bbi sekt\u00f6rde hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brom, do\u011fal haliyle denizlerde brom\u00fcr halinde bulunur. Ek olarak, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda klor ile oksitlenen yeralt\u0131 tuzlu su yataklar\u0131nda da bulunur. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tahri\u015f edici, \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131 elementtir. Kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri ve \u00f6zelliklerinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin. Brom nedir? Periyodik tabloda atom numaras\u0131 35 ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f, halojen\u00fcrlere ait kimyasal bir elementtir. K\u0131vamda &#8230; <a title=\"Brom\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/\" aria-label=\"More on Brom\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Brom - Chemuza<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brom - Chemuza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Brom, do\u011fal haliyle denizlerde brom\u00fcr halinde bulunur. Ek olarak, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda klor ile oksitlenen yeralt\u0131 tuzlu su yataklar\u0131nda da bulunur. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tahri\u015f edici, \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131 elementtir. Kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri ve \u00f6zelliklerinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin. Brom nedir? Periyodik tabloda atom numaras\u0131 35 ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f, halojen\u00fcrlere ait kimyasal bir elementtir. K\u0131vamda ... Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Chemuza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/\",\"name\":\"Brom - Chemuza\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-14T17:36:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-14T17:36:59+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ev\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Brom\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"Chemuza\",\"description\":\"Kimyasal ke\u015fiflere a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131n\u0131z!\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Chemuza\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png\",\"width\":387,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"Chemuza\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Brom - Chemuza","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Brom - Chemuza","og_description":"Brom, do\u011fal haliyle denizlerde brom\u00fcr halinde bulunur. Ek olarak, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda klor ile oksitlenen yeralt\u0131 tuzlu su yataklar\u0131nda da bulunur. Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tahri\u015f edici, \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131 elementtir. Kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri ve \u00f6zelliklerinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin. Brom nedir? Periyodik tabloda atom numaras\u0131 35 ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f, halojen\u00fcrlere ait kimyasal bir elementtir. K\u0131vamda ... Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku","og_url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/","og_site_name":"Chemuza","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"4 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/","name":"Brom - Chemuza","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-07-14T17:36:59+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-14T17:36:59+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/brom\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ev","item":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Brom"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/","name":"Chemuza","description":"Kimyasal ke\u015fiflere a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131n\u0131z!","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization","name":"Chemuza","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png","width":387,"height":70,"caption":"Chemuza"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"yoast_meta":{"yoast_wpseo_title":"","yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","yoast_wpseo_canonical":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1461"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1461"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1461\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}