{"id":1426,"date":"2023-07-15T23:05:40","date_gmt":"2023-07-15T23:05:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/"},"modified":"2023-07-15T23:05:40","modified_gmt":"2023-07-15T23:05:40","slug":"utu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dct\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Demir yerkabu\u011funda en \u00e7ok bulunan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc element olup oran\u0131 %5&#8217;tir. Asl\u0131nda al\u00fcminyumdan sonra manyetik \u00f6zelliklere sahip en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci metaldir. \u00c7elik end\u00fcstrisinde ala\u015f\u0131m \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan oksit gibi di\u011fer mineraller de bunu i\u00e7erir. Modern d\u00fcnyadaki daha fazla \u00f6zellik ve uygulamay\u0131 ke\u015ffedin.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Demir nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Periyodik tablonun ge\u00e7i\u015f metallerine ait kimyasal bir elementtir. Demir parlak, s\u00fcnek, yumu\u015fak, d\u00f6v\u00fclebilir, oksitlenebilir, manyetik, beyaz veya g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f grisi bir metaldir. Atomik olarak 26 say\u0131s\u0131 ve 55,84 atom k\u00fctlesi ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>demir sembol\u00fc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> <span class=\"content-chemical-element\" style=\"float: left;width: 65px;height: 65px;border: 3px solid #666; display:flex;\n    justify-content: center;align-items: center;margin-right: 15px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 38px;\">Fe<\/span><\/span> Demiri tan\u0131mlayan sembol \u201cFe\u201ddir. Bu, \u0130spanyolca&#8217;da anlam\u0131 metal olan Latince ad\u0131 Ferrum&#8217;dan t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Silahlar, yap\u0131lar ve i\u015f aletleri gibi farkl\u0131 nesnelerin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayan metalik ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 bu ismi almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Demirin \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Grup 8 ve periyod 4&#8217;tedir. Ekzotermik olarak kayna\u015fabilen ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 n\u00f6tronluk kat\u0131 bir \u00e7ekirde\u011fe sahip olan, y\u00fcksek enerjisini g\u00f6steren a\u011f\u0131r bir elementtir. \u00d6zellikleri hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Allotropik<\/strong> : Molek\u00fcler bile\u015fimini s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ayarlama yetene\u011fine sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>D\u00f6v\u00fclebilir:<\/strong> K\u0131r\u0131lmadan deforme olabilir, end\u00fcstri i\u00e7in ideal ince saclar\u0131n \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmeldir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Manyetik:<\/strong> Y\u00fcksek derecede manyetizmas\u0131 di\u011fer hi\u00e7bir malzemeyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz ve di\u011fer elementleri \u00e7ekmesi ve itmesiyle ay\u0131rt edilir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Sertlik:<\/strong> Di\u011fer elementlerle temasa kar\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Renk:<\/strong> Parlak g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f grisi.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Durumu:<\/strong> Do\u011fal haliyle kat\u0131 veya ferromanyetiktir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Tat ve koku:<\/strong> Kokusuzdur ve metalik bir tada sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck:<\/strong> \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2> <strong>Demirin kimyasal ve fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li> <strong>Atom numaras\u0131<\/strong> : 26<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> 55.845 (2)<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Oksidasyon durumlar\u0131:<\/strong> 2, 3<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Elektronegatiflik:<\/strong> 1.83<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Grup:<\/strong> 8<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Yo\u011funluk:<\/strong> 7.87<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Erime noktas\u0131:<\/strong> 1535 <strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li> <strong>Ortalama yar\u0131\u00e7ap:<\/strong> 140 saat<\/li>\n<li> <strong>D\u00f6nem:<\/strong> 4.8<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Durum:<\/strong> Kat\u0131 <strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kaynama noktas\u0131 (\u00b0C):<\/strong> 2750<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kovalent yar\u0131\u00e7ap:<\/strong> 126 pm<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Blok:<\/strong> D<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Oksit:<\/strong> amfoterik<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\u00d6zg\u00fcl \u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> 440 J\/(K-kg)<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Atom yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131:<\/strong> 156<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Kabuk ba\u015f\u0131na elektron say\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> 2,8, 14,2<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Elektronik konfig\u00fcrasyon:<\/strong> [Ar]3d64s2<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2> <strong>demirin k\u00f6keni<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Elementin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi M.\u00d6. 5000&#8217;e, \u00f6zellikle M\u0131s\u0131r ve S\u00fcmer k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine kadar uzan\u0131r. T\u00f6ren ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak sertli\u011fi nedeniyle 10. y\u00fczy\u0131lda k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 gibi nesnelerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda hammadde haline gelmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nem, geni\u015fletilmi\u015f tar\u0131msal i\u015flere ve yap\u0131sal geli\u015fime y\u00f6nelik uygulamalar\u0131 nedeniyle Demir \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 olarak biliniyordu.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Demir ne i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Bu metal do\u011fada kat\u0131 halde bol miktarda bulunur ve yap\u0131lar\u0131n, aletlerin ve nesnelerin imalat\u0131nda farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m ve uygulamalara sahiptir. Ek olarak, insanlar taraf\u0131ndan anemi gibi yayg\u0131n durumlar\u0131n tedavisinde kullan\u0131lan t\u0131bbi \u00f6zelliklere de sahiptir.<\/p>\n<p> Ticari olarak kullan\u0131lan bu kimyasal element, karbonla birle\u015ferek elde edilen ferforje ve \u00e7elik ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu sayede galvanizli saclar, elektrom\u0131knat\u0131slar, \u00e7elik objeler, gemiler, otomobiller ve bina yap\u0131lar\u0131 gibi demir i\u00e7eren \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p> Ayr\u0131ca insan v\u00fccudunda hemoglobin ile birlikte bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in kanda oksijenin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla t\u0131bbi olarak da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu elementin di\u011fer uygulamalar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: Demir s\u00fclfat gibi t\u00fcrevlerinden m\u00fcrekkep, boya ve dezenfektan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2> <strong>Demiri nas\u0131l elde ederiz<\/strong> ?<\/h2>\n<p> Do\u011fada kat\u0131 halde bulunur ve oksitler, manyetit, hematit ve limonit gibi di\u011fer minerallerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da demir yap\u0131m s\u00fcreci verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>\u00f6\u011f\u00fctme<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> \u00d6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc ad\u0131 verilen d\u00f6ner makinelerle kuru olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen elementin minerallerinin indirgenmesinden olu\u015fur. Daha sonra minimum partik\u00fcl elde etmek i\u00e7in \u0131slak \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme i\u015flemine tabi tutulur.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> K\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclerek elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn e\u015fit boyutlara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Bir par\u00e7a, boyutlar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan bir elek ile b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr ve daha sonra ince par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n a\u011fdan ge\u00e7erken ay\u0131rt edilmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>Konsantrasyon<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> Demirin di\u011fer bile\u015fenlerden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015flemdir. Bu, yabanc\u0131 maddeleri kab\u0131n dibinde b\u0131rakan suda y\u00fczd\u00fcrme yoluyla yap\u0131l\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir y\u00f6ntem ise at\u0131klar\u0131 bir kuvvet alan\u0131 uygulayarak ay\u0131ran manyetik ay\u0131rmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3> <strong>gran\u00fclasyon<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> Bu, suyla ezilmi\u015f olan t\u00fcm elementi yabanc\u0131 maddelerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yuvarlak par\u00e7ac\u0131klara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bir araya getiren bir tekniktir. Son olarak f\u0131r\u0131nda sertle\u015finceye kadar pi\u015firme i\u015flemine tabi tutulurlar.<\/p>\n<p> K\u0131saca demir, periyodik tablonun ge\u00e7i\u015f metalleri aras\u0131nda yer alan gri veya beyaz, parlak, yumu\u015fak, oksitlenebilir ve d\u00f6v\u00fclebilir bir kimyasal elementtir. Kat\u0131 haldedir ve t\u0131p, in\u015faat ve ticari kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Demir yerkabu\u011funda en \u00e7ok bulunan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc element olup oran\u0131 %5&#8217;tir. Asl\u0131nda al\u00fcminyumdan sonra manyetik \u00f6zelliklere sahip en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci metaldir. \u00c7elik end\u00fcstrisinde ala\u015f\u0131m \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan oksit gibi di\u011fer mineraller de bunu i\u00e7erir. Modern d\u00fcnyadaki daha fazla \u00f6zellik ve uygulamay\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Demir nedir? Periyodik tablonun ge\u00e7i\u015f metallerine ait kimyasal bir elementtir. Demir parlak, s\u00fcnek, yumu\u015fak, &#8230; <a title=\"\u00dct\u00fc\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/\" aria-label=\"More on \u00dct\u00fc\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Demir - Chemuza<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Demir - Chemuza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Demir yerkabu\u011funda en \u00e7ok bulunan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc element olup oran\u0131 %5&#8217;tir. Asl\u0131nda al\u00fcminyumdan sonra manyetik \u00f6zelliklere sahip en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci metaldir. \u00c7elik end\u00fcstrisinde ala\u015f\u0131m \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan oksit gibi di\u011fer mineraller de bunu i\u00e7erir. Modern d\u00fcnyadaki daha fazla \u00f6zellik ve uygulamay\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Demir nedir? Periyodik tablonun ge\u00e7i\u015f metallerine ait kimyasal bir elementtir. Demir parlak, s\u00fcnek, yumu\u015fak, ... Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Chemuza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/\",\"name\":\"Demir - Chemuza\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-15T23:05:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-15T23:05:40+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ev\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u00dct\u00fc\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\",\"name\":\"Chemuza\",\"description\":\"Kimyasal ke\u015fiflere a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131n\u0131z!\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Chemuza\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png\",\"width\":387,\"height\":70,\"caption\":\"Chemuza\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Demir - Chemuza","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Demir - Chemuza","og_description":"Demir yerkabu\u011funda en \u00e7ok bulunan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc element olup oran\u0131 %5&#8217;tir. Asl\u0131nda al\u00fcminyumdan sonra manyetik \u00f6zelliklere sahip en b\u00fcy\u00fck ikinci metaldir. \u00c7elik end\u00fcstrisinde ala\u015f\u0131m \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan oksit gibi di\u011fer mineraller de bunu i\u00e7erir. Modern d\u00fcnyadaki daha fazla \u00f6zellik ve uygulamay\u0131 ke\u015ffedin. Demir nedir? Periyodik tablonun ge\u00e7i\u015f metallerine ait kimyasal bir elementtir. Demir parlak, s\u00fcnek, yumu\u015fak, ... Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku","og_url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/","og_site_name":"Chemuza","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"4 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/","name":"Demir - Chemuza","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-07-15T23:05:40+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-15T23:05:40+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/utu\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ev","item":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u00dct\u00fc"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/","name":"Chemuza","description":"Kimyasal ke\u015fiflere a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131n\u0131z!","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#organization","name":"Chemuza","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/chemuza-logo.png","width":387,"height":70,"caption":"Chemuza"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"yoast_meta":{"yoast_wpseo_title":"","yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","yoast_wpseo_canonical":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1426"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1426"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1426\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}