{"id":360,"date":"2023-07-23T22:02:59","date_gmt":"2023-07-23T22:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/metais-de-transicao-internos\/"},"modified":"2023-07-23T22:02:59","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T22:02:59","slug":"metais-de-transicao-internos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/metais-de-transicao-internos\/","title":{"rendered":"Metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna da tabela peri\u00f3dica"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"465\" src=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tableau-periodique-interne-des-metaux-de-transition.jpg\" alt=\"Tabela peri\u00f3dica de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna\" class=\"wp-image-4846\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/tabela-periodica-dos-metais\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"4840\">Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos<\/a> s\u00e3o um grupo de elementos qu\u00edmicos localizados nas duas linhas inferiores da <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">tabela peri\u00f3dica<\/a> , logo abaixo do bloco principal <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/tabela-periodica-de-metais-de-transicao\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"4900\">de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a> .<\/p>\n<p> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna s\u00e3o divididos em dois grupos:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Lantan\u00eddeos<\/strong> , que possuem n\u00fameros at\u00f4micos variando de 57 a 71, e<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Actin\u00eddeos<\/strong> , que possuem n\u00fameros at\u00f4micos que variam de 89 a 103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Vamos explorar mais os elementos de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna da tabela peri\u00f3dica. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"What-are-inner-transition-metals?-And-why-are-they-placed-at-the-bottom?\"> <strong>O que s\u00e3o metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos? E por que eles s\u00e3o colocados na parte inferior?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos constituem o grupo de elementos colocados na parte inferior da tabela peri\u00f3dica.<\/p>\n<p> Esses metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o apenas parte dos metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o e tamb\u00e9m possuem propriedades semelhantes aos metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o. Mas s\u00e3o colocados na sec\u00e7\u00e3o interior como uma extens\u00e3o do grupo 3. <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" src=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pourquoi-les-metaux-de-transition-internes-sont-ils-appeles-ainsi.jpg\" alt=\"por que os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o chamados assim\" class=\"wp-image-4909\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<p> Portanto, esses elementos met\u00e1licos s\u00e3o chamados de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>Por que eles s\u00e3o colocados na parte inferior da tabela peri\u00f3dica?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p> Se os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos fossem colocados como uma extens\u00e3o do grupo 3, ent\u00e3o a tabela peri\u00f3dica apareceria muito longa (como mostrado abaixo). <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"298\" src=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/tableau-periodique-long.jpg\" alt=\"tabela peri\u00f3dica longa\" class=\"wp-image-4910\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<p> Portanto, para encaix\u00e1-lo no papel formato A4, as 2 fileiras de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o colocadas na parte inferior.<\/p>\n<p> Al\u00e9m disso, esses elementos de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna possuem seus <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">el\u00e9trons de val\u00eancia<\/a> no <a href=\"https:\/\/winter.group.shef.ac.uk\/orbitron\/atomic_orbitals\/7f\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">orbital f<\/a> , devido ao qual esses elementos apresentam propriedades qu\u00edmicas semelhantes.<\/p>\n<p> \u00c9 por estas raz\u00f5es que os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o colocados na parte inferior da tabela peri\u00f3dica.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"List-of-inner-transition-metals\"> <strong>Lista de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> A lista de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos \u00e9 fornecida abaixo. <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\">\n<table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#dff1ff\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> <strong>N\u00famero at\u00f4mico<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> <strong>S\u00edmbolo<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> <strong>Nome e s\u00edmbolo do elemento<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 57<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> L\u00e1<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Lant\u00e2nio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 58<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Esse<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> C\u00e9rio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 59<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Pr.<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Praseod\u00edmio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 60<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> SD<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Neod\u00edmio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 61<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> PM<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Prom\u00e9cio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 62<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Pequeno<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Sam\u00e1rio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 63<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> N\u00d3S<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Eur\u00f3pio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 64<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Deus<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Gadol\u00ednio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 65<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> tuberculose<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> T\u00e9rbio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 66<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Dy<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Dispr\u00f3sio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 67<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Ho<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> H\u00f3lmio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 68<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Uh<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> \u00c9rbio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 69<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> MT<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> T\u00falio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 70<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Sim<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> It\u00e9rbio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 71<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Ler<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Lut\u00e9cio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 89<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Ac<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Act\u00ednio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 90<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> \u00ba<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> T\u00f3rio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 91<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Pensilv\u00e2nia<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Protact\u00ednio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 92<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> voc\u00ea<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Ur\u00e2nio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 93<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Np<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Nept\u00fanio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 94<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Poderia<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Plut\u00f4nio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 95<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Sou<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Amer\u00edcio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 96<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> cm<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> C\u00fario<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 97<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> B. K.<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Berqu\u00e9lio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 98<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Ver<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Calif\u00f3rnia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 99<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> \u00c9<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Einsteinio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 100<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> FM<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> f\u00e9rmio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 101<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Maryland<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Mendel\u00e9vio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 102<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> N\u00e3o<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Nob\u00e9lio<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> 103<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> E\/D<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"> Louren\u00e7o <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Facts-about-Inner-transition-metals\"><strong>Fatos sobre metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Aqui est\u00e3o alguns fatos interessantes sobre metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li> Existem dois tipos de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna: lantan\u00eddeos e actin\u00eddeos. Os lantan\u00eddeos s\u00e3o os 15 elementos com n\u00fameros at\u00f4micos que variam de 57 ( <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">lant\u00e2nio<\/a> ) a 71 ( <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">lut\u00e9cio<\/a> ), enquanto os actin\u00eddeos s\u00e3o os 15 elementos com n\u00fameros at\u00f4micos que variam de 89 ( <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">act\u00ednio<\/a> ) a 103 ( <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">lawr\u00eancio<\/a> ).<\/li>\n<li> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos possuem configura\u00e7\u00f5es eletr\u00f4nicas \u00fanicas devido \u00e0 presen\u00e7a de orbitais f. Isso resulta em propriedades qu\u00edmicas e f\u00edsicas incomuns, como altos pontos de fus\u00e3o e ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o, forma\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00edons complexos e paramagnetismo.<\/li>\n<li> A maioria dos metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o radioativos e alguns foram usados em reatores nucleares e armas.<\/li>\n<li> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna s\u00e3o importantes na tecnologia e na ind\u00fastria. Por exemplo, <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">o neod\u00edmio<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">o sam\u00e1rio<\/a> s\u00e3o usados para fazer \u00edm\u00e3s poderosos <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neodymium_magnet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a> e o c\u00e9rio \u00e9 usado em conversores catal\u00edticos para reduzir as emiss\u00f5es dos ve\u00edculos. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/of\/2013\/1037\/OFR2013-1037.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li> Os lantan\u00eddeos tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o chamados de &#8220;elementos de terras raras&#8221; porque s\u00e3o relativamente raros na crosta terrestre. No entanto, eles n\u00e3o s\u00e3o raros e s\u00e3o encontrados em muitos minerais.<\/li>\n<li> Os actin\u00eddeos s\u00e3o todos radioativos e alguns, como <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">o ur\u00e2nio<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">o plut\u00f4nio<\/a> , s\u00e3o importantes para a energia nuclear e as armas. No entanto, tamb\u00e9m apresentam riscos ambientais e de sa\u00fade devido \u00e0 sua radioatividade.<\/li>\n<li> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna s\u00e3o conhecidos desde a antiguidade e eram usados em joias e decora\u00e7\u00e3o. No entanto, eles n\u00e3o foram amplamente estudados ou compreendidos at\u00e9 o s\u00e9culo <sup>XX<\/sup> .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Properties-of-Inner-transition-metals\"> <strong>Propriedades de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Aqui est\u00e3o algumas propriedades dos metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Configura\u00e7\u00e3o eletr\u00f4nica:<\/strong> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos possuem orbitais f parcialmente preenchidos, conferindo-lhes configura\u00e7\u00f5es eletr\u00f4nicas \u00fanicas e propriedades qu\u00edmicas e f\u00edsicas incomuns.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Altos pontos de fus\u00e3o e ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos t\u00eam altos pontos de fus\u00e3o e ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o devido \u00e0 forte liga\u00e7\u00e3o met\u00e1lica resultante da presen\u00e7a de el\u00e9trons desemparelhados nos orbitais f.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Paramagnetismo:<\/strong> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o paramagn\u00e9ticos, o que significa que s\u00e3o atra\u00eddos por um campo magn\u00e9tico devido \u00e0 presen\u00e7a de el\u00e9trons desemparelhados nos orbitais f.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Forma\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00edons complexos:<\/strong> Metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos podem formar \u00edons complexos devido \u00e0 disponibilidade de orbitais f vazios, que podem acomodar el\u00e9trons de outros \u00e1tomos ou mol\u00e9culas.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Radioatividade:<\/strong> Muitos metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o radioativos devido \u00e0 presen\u00e7a de is\u00f3topos inst\u00e1veis em seus n\u00facleos.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Estados de oxida\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos exibem uma variedade de estados de oxida\u00e7\u00e3o, incluindo estados de oxida\u00e7\u00e3o elevados, devido \u00e0 disponibilidade de m\u00faltiplos el\u00e9trons de val\u00eancia nos orbitais f.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Propriedades qu\u00edmicas semelhantes:<\/strong> Lantan\u00eddeos e actin\u00eddeos t\u00eam propriedades qu\u00edmicas semelhantes, tornando-os dif\u00edceis de separar uns dos outros.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Brilho met\u00e1lico:<\/strong> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o geralmente brilhantes e possuem um brilho met\u00e1lico devido \u00e0 sua alta refletividade de luz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Uses-of-Inner-transition-metals\"> <strong>Usos de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna t\u00eam uma ampla gama de utiliza\u00e7\u00f5es devido \u00e0s suas propriedades \u00fanicas. Alguns dos usos de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li> <strong>Energia nuclear:<\/strong> Muitos metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos, particularmente actin\u00eddeos como o ur\u00e2nio, s\u00e3o usados como combust\u00edvel para reatores nucleares e armas.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\u00cdm\u00e3s:<\/strong> Lantan\u00eddeos como neod\u00edmio, sam\u00e1rio e <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">gadol\u00ednio<\/a> s\u00e3o usados para fazer \u00edm\u00e3s poderosos para uma variedade de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, incluindo discos r\u00edgidos de computador, turbinas e\u00f3licas e m\u00e1quinas de resson\u00e2ncia magn\u00e9tica.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Ilumina\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Lantan\u00eddeos como eur\u00f3pio e t\u00e9rbio s\u00e3o usados para fazer f\u00f3sforos para ilumina\u00e7\u00e3o fluorescente e LED. <sup>[3]<\/sup><\/li>\n<li> <strong>Cat\u00e1lise:<\/strong> Lantan\u00eddeos como o c\u00e9rio s\u00e3o usados como catalisadores em muitos processos industriais, incluindo refino de petr\u00f3leo e controle de polui\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de vidro:<\/strong> Lantan\u00eddeos como o \u00e9rbio e <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/definicoes-basicas-de-quimica\/\">o it\u00e9rbio<\/a> s\u00e3o usados para colorir o vidro, enquanto o c\u00e9rio \u00e9 usado para polir o vidro.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Imagens m\u00e9dicas:<\/strong> Lantan\u00eddeos como gadol\u00ednio e t\u00e9rbio s\u00e3o usados em agentes de contraste para exames de resson\u00e2ncia magn\u00e9tica. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20930392\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li> <strong>Eletr\u00f4nicos:<\/strong> Lantan\u00eddeos como dispr\u00f3sio e t\u00e9rbio s\u00e3o usados em dispositivos eletr\u00f4nicos, como filtros de micro-ondas e telas LCD.<\/li>\n<li> <strong>Defesa:<\/strong> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o utilizados em tecnologias de defesa, incluindo armas nucleares e muni\u00e7\u00f5es perfurantes.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Summary\"> <strong>Resumo<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o um grupo de elementos qu\u00edmicos localizados nas duas linhas inferiores da tabela peri\u00f3dica, logo abaixo do bloco principal de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p> Eles s\u00e3o divididos em dois grupos: os Lantan\u00eddeos e os Actin\u00eddeos, que possuem n\u00fameros at\u00f4micos variando de 57 a 71 e 89 a 103, respectivamente.<\/p>\n<p> A localiza\u00e7\u00e3o dos metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos est\u00e1 na parte inferior da tabela peri\u00f3dica porque seus el\u00e9trons de val\u00eancia est\u00e3o no orbital f, que possui propriedades qu\u00edmicas semelhantes.<\/p>\n<p> Metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos t\u00eam altos pontos de fus\u00e3o e ebuli\u00e7\u00e3o, forma\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00edons complexos e paramagnetismo. Eles tamb\u00e9m exibem uma variedade de estados de oxida\u00e7\u00e3o, incluindo estados de oxida\u00e7\u00e3o elevados, devido \u00e0 disponibilidade de m\u00faltiplos el\u00e9trons de val\u00eancia nos orbitais f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o um grupo de elementos qu\u00edmicos localizados nas duas linhas inferiores da tabela peri\u00f3dica , logo abaixo do bloco principal de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o . Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna s\u00e3o divididos em dois grupos: Lantan\u00eddeos , que possuem n\u00fameros at\u00f4micos variando de 57 a 71, e Actin\u00eddeos , que &#8230; <a title=\"Metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna da tabela peri\u00f3dica\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/metais-de-transicao-internos\/\" aria-label=\"Mais em Metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna da tabela peri\u00f3dica\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-estrutura-de-lewis"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna da tabela peri\u00f3dica - Chemuza<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/pt\/metais-de-transicao-internos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o interna da tabela peri\u00f3dica - Chemuza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Os metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o internos s\u00e3o um grupo de elementos qu\u00edmicos localizados nas duas linhas inferiores da tabela peri\u00f3dica , logo abaixo do bloco principal de metais de transi\u00e7\u00e3o . 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