{"id":986,"date":"2023-07-19T18:11:31","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T18:11:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b2%b8%e7%82%b9%e6%98%af%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%ef%bc%9f\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T18:11:31","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T18:11:31","slug":"%e6%b2%b8%e7%82%b9%e6%98%af%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b2%b8%e7%82%b9%e6%98%af%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6cb8\u70b9\u662f\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u8fd8\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1f \uff08\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u6cb8\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Physical_property\" target=\"_blank\" 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class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6cb8\u70b9\u662f\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"><em>\u6cb8\u70b9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002<\/em><em>\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u624b\u6bb5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u538b\u529b\u6216\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff09\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7269\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u6cb8\u70b9\u7279\u6307\u7269\u8d28\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u4ece\u6db2\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6c14\u6001\u65f6\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u6cb8\u70b9\uff0c\u6db2\u4f53\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chem.purdue.edu\/gchelp\/liquids\/vpress.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u84b8\u6c14\u538b<\/a>\u7b49\u4e8e\u5927\u6c14\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u6db2\u4f53\u5f62\u6210\u6c14\u6ce1\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u5176\u53d8\u6210\u6c14\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6cb8\u70b9\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b83\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u65e0\u5173\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u5927\u6c14\u538b\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u6709\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u6052\u5b9a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u60a8\u6709\u4e00\u676f\u6c34\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u9505\uff0c\u6c34\u5728\u6d77\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u90fd\u662f 100 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href=\"https:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/~peastman\/statmech\/phasetransitions.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u76f8\u53d8<\/a>\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u6db2\u76f8\u548c\u6c14\u76f8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6cb8\u70b9\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B0-12-227410-5\/00182-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u84b8\u998f\u5de5\u827a<\/a>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u70f9\u996a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5236\u836f\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6cb8\u70b9\u4e0d\u662f\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"><em>\u6cb8\u70b9\u4e0d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemical_property\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28<\/em><\/a><em>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u6216\u7279\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u7269\u8d28\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u53d1\u751f\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6216\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u65b0\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6cb8\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ec5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u529b\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u538b\u529b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5316\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7269\u8d28\u6cb8\u817e\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u6db2\u76f8\u53d8\u4e3a\u6c14\u76f8\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u6d89\u53ca\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u539f\u5b50\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u5305\u62ec\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u71c3\u6027\u3001\u9178\u6027\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7269\u8d28\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemical_bond\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5316\u5b66\u952e<\/a>\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5316\u5b66\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6cb8\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u6db2\u4f53\u5230\u6c14\u76f8\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff09\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u6d89\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6210\u5206\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a 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