{"id":803,"date":"2023-07-21T02:01:29","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T02:01:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e7%a1%9d%e9%85%b8%e9%93%b5-nh4no3\/"},"modified":"2023-07-21T02:01:29","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T02:01:29","slug":"%e7%a1%9d%e9%85%b8%e9%93%b5-nh4no3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e7%a1%9d%e9%85%b8%e9%93%b5-nh4no3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u785d\u9178\u94f5 \u2013 nh4no3\uff0c6484-52-2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u785d\u9178\u94f5 (NH4NO3) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u80a5\u6599\u6216\u7528\u4f5c\u70b8\u836f\u3002\u5b83\u6781\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u5438\u6e7f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56fd\u9645\u7eaf\u7cb9\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n<td>\u785d\u9178\u94f5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u785d\u9178\u94f5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CAS \u53f7<\/td>\n<td>6484-52-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd<\/td>\n<td>\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u76d0\u3001\u785d\u9178\u94f5 (AN)\u3001\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u3001Nitrame\u3001Nitramon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1<\/td>\n<td>InChI=1S\/NO3.H3N\/c2-1(3)4;\/h;1H3\/q-1;\/p+1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u914d\u65b9<\/h3>\n<p>\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u4e3aNH4NO3\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u4e24\u79cd\u79bb\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u94f5 (NH4+) \u548c\u785d\u9178\u6839 (NO3-)\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u79bb\u5b50\u952e<strong><sup>2<\/sup><\/strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u767d\u8272\u7ed3\u6676\u7c89\u672b\uff0c\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5 \u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/h3>\n<p>NH4NO3 \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a 80.043 g\/mol\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u5143\u7d20\u6c2e\u3001\u6c22\u548c\u6c27\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u76f8\u52a0\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u6c2e\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a14.0067 g\/mol\uff0c\u6c22\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a1.00784 g\/mol\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6c27\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a15.9999 g\/mol\u3002<\/p>\n<p> NH4NO3 \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf = 2 x \u6c2e\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf + 4 x \u6c22\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf + 3 x \u6c27\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>NH4NO3 \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf = 28.0134 g\/mol + 4.03136 g\/mol + 47.9997 g\/mol<\/p>\n<p> NH4NO3 \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf = 80.043 g\/mol<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>NH4NO3 \u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e0b\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6c2e\u6c14\u3001\u6c27\u6c14\u548c\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u7b49\u6c14\u4f53\u3002 NH4NO3 \u7684\u5206\u89e3\u6e29\u5ea6\u6839\u636e\u7eaf\u5ea6\u3001\u6e7f\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6742\u8d28\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7eaf NH4NO3 \u7684\u5206\u89e3\u6e29\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a 210\u00b0C \u6216 483 K\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u7194\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>NH4NO3\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u4e3a169.6\u00b0C\u6216442.8K\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5b83\u7ecf\u5386\u4ece\u83f1\u5f62\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5230\u7acb\u65b9\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u76f8\u53d8\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6c34\u5f62\u6210\u4f4e\u5171\u7194\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u7194\u70b9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u7ea6\u4e3a -16 \u00b0C \u6216 257 K\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u5bc6\u5ea6 g\/ml<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0cNH4NO3 \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 1.725 g\/ml \u6216 1725 kg\/m3\u3002\u5b83\u6bd4\u6c34\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c34\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a 1 g\/ml \u6216 1000 kg\/m3\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u70ed\u81a8\u80c0\uff0cNH4NO3 \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u968f\u7740\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u5206\u5b50\u91cf<\/h3>\n<p>NH4NO3 \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u4e0e\u5176\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5747\u4e3a 80.043 g\/mol\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u662f 1 \u6469\u5c14\u6216 6.022 x 10^(23) NH4NO3 \u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d (amu) \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u78b3 12 \u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p> NH4NO3 \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\uff08amu\uff09\u4e3a 80.043 x (1\/12) x (10^(23)) amu<\/p>\n<p> NH4NO3 \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\uff08amu\uff09\u7ea6\u4e3a 6.669 x 10^(23) amu<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/NH4NO3.jpg\" alt=\"\u785d\u9178\u94f5\" width=\"171\" height=\"171\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p> NH4NO3 \u5177\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7531\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u7684\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u5e26\u8d1f\u7535\u7684\u785d\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u56db\u4e2a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c28\u6c34+<\/p>\n<p> H<\/p>\n<p> |<\/p>\n<p>\u970d\u5c3c\u97e6\u5c14<\/p>\n<p>|<\/p>\n<p> H<\/p>\n<p>\u785d\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u5e73\u9762\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u53cc\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<p> 3\u53f7-<\/p>\n<p>\u54e6<\/p>\n<p>||<\/p>\n<p>\u54e6<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<p>NH4NO3\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u662f\u6307\u8be5\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728\u6c34\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u91cf\u3002 NH4NO3 \u6781\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u968f\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u572820\u2103\u65f6\uff0c150\u514bNH4NO3\u53ef\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728100\u6beb\u5347\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728100\u2103\u65f6\uff0c1024\u514b\u53ef\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u7b49\u91cf\u7684\u6c34\u4e2d\u3002 NH4NO3 \u4e5f\u6eb6\u4e8e\u7532\u9187\u3001\u4e59\u9187\u548c\u4e19\u916e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u4e59\u919a\u6216\u6c2f\u4eff\u3002 NH4NO3 \u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9178\u3001\u78b1\u3001\u76d0\u6216\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd NH4NO3 \u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u5206\u89e3\u6216\u7206\u70b8\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5916\u8c8c<\/td>\n<td>\u767d\u8272\u7ed3\u6676\u56fa\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6bd4\u91cd<\/td>\n<td>1,725<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u989c\u8272<\/td>\n<td>\u767d\u8272\u6216\u7070\u8272<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u95fb<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u5473<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>80.043 \u514b\/\u6469\u5c14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>1.725\u514b\/\u6beb\u5347\u62161725\u516c\u65a4\/\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u878d\u5408\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>169.6\u00b0C \u6216 442.8K<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6cb8\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>\u5927\u7ea6\u3002 210\u00b0C \u6216 483 K\uff08\u5206\u89e3\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u95ea\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>\u975e\u6613\u71c3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u5438\u70ed\u578b\uff0c118g\/100ml\uff080\u2103\uff09\u3001150g\/100ml\uff0820\u2103\uff09\u3001297g\/100ml\uff0840\u2103\uff09\u3001410g\/100ml\uff0860\u2103\uff09\u3001576g\/100ml\uff0880\u2103\uff09\u30011024g\/100ml (100\u2103)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3001\u7532\u9187\u3001\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u4e19\u916e\uff1b\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u4e59\u919a\u3001\u6c2f\u4eff<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u84b8\u6c7d\u538b\u529b<\/td>\n<td>\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u84b8\u6c14\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\uff08\u56fa\u4f53\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9178\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>9.25\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e NH4+\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9178\u78b1\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>5.0-6.0\uff0810%\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5371\u9669\u6027<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6216\u50a8\u5b58\u8fd9\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3 NH4NO3 \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5371\u9669\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002 NH4NO3 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0e\u53ef\u71c3\u6750\u6599\u6df7\u5408\u6216\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u70ed\u3001\u51b2\u51fb\u6216\u6c61\u67d3\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u706b\u707e\u5e76\u5f15\u8d77\u7206\u70b8\u3002 NH4NO3\u5206\u89e3\u65f6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6c2e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c\u6c28\u7b49\u6709\u6bd2\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5904\u7406 NH4NO3 \u65f6\u5e94\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b89\u5168\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8d2e\u5b58\u4e8e\u9634\u51c9\u3001\u5e72\u71e5\u3001\u901a\u98ce\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u706b\u6e90\u3001\u6709\u673a\u7269\u3001\u9178\u7c7b\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u7269\u8d28\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u7a7f\u6234\u9632\u62a4\u670d\u3001\u624b\u5957\u3001\u773c\u775b\u548c\u9762\u90e8\u9632\u62a4\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8f6c\u79fb\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u4ea7\u751f\u7070\u5c18\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u901a\u98ce\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u540e\u5f7b\u5e95\u6e05\u6d17\u624b\u548c\u8138\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u8981\u6444\u5165\u6216\u5438\u5165\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u89e6\u8bf7\u54a8\u8be2\u533b\u751f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u77e5\u5f53\u5730\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u4eba\u5458\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728 NH4NO3\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5371\u9669\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\n<td>O\uff08\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff09\u3001Xi\uff08\u523a\u6fc0\u7269\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\n<td>S17\uff08\u8fdc\u79bb\u6613\u71c3\u6750\u6599\uff09\u3001S26\uff08\u5982\u63a5\u89e6\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u6c34\u51b2\u6d17\u5e76\u5c31\u533b\uff09\u3001S36\/37\/39\uff08\u7a7f\u6234\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u670d\u3001\u624b\u5957\u548c\u773c\u775b\/\u9762\u90e8\u9632\u62a4\u88c5\u7f6e\uff09\u3001S42 \uff08\u718f\u84b8\/\u55b7\u96fe\u65f6\uff0c\u4f69\u6234\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u547c\u5438\u8bbe\u5907\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8bc6\u522b\u53f7<\/td>\n<td>S17\uff08\u8fdc\u79bb\u6613\u71c3\u6750\u6599\uff09\u3001S26\uff08\u5982\u63a5\u89e6\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u6c34\u51b2\u6d17\u5e76\u5c31\u533b\uff09\u3001S36\/37\/39\uff08\u7a7f\u6234\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u670d\u3001\u624b\u5957\u548c\u773c\u775b\/\u9762\u90e8\u9632\u62a4\u88c5\u7f6e\uff09\u3001S42 \uff08\u718f\u84b8\/\u55b7\u96fe\u65f6\uff0c\u4f69\u6234\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u547c\u5438\u8bbe\u5907\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6d77\u5173\u7f16\u7801<\/td>\n<td>3102.30\uff08\u785d\u9178\u94f5\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5371\u9669\u7b49\u7ea7<\/td>\n<td>5.1\uff08\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5305\u88c5\u7ec4\u522b<\/td>\n<td>III\uff08\u4f4e\u5371\u9669\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6bd2\u6027<\/td>\n<td>LD50\uff08\u5927\u9f20\u53e3\u670d\uff09= 2,085-5,300 mg\/kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4f5c\u80a5\u6599\u548c\u70b8\u836f\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5408\u6210 NH4NO3 \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5408\u6210 NH4NO3 \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u54c8\u4f2f-\u535a\u4e16\u548c\u5965\u65af\u7279\u74e6\u5c14\u5fb7\u5de5\u827a\uff1a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u6c2e\u6c14\u548c\u6c22\u6c14\u53cd\u5e94\u5f62\u6210\u6c28\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c27\u5316<a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u6c28-nh3\/\">\u6c28<\/a>\u5f62\u6210<a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u785d\u9178-hno3\/\">\u785d\u9178<\/a>\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e2d\u548c\u6c28\u548c\u785d\u9178\uff0c\u5f62\u6210 NH4NO3\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6e29\u3001\u9ad8\u538b\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6392\u653e\u5927\u91cf\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u590d\u5206\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6d89\u53ca\u53ef\u6eb6\u6027\u94f5\u76d0\u4e0e\u53ef\u6eb6\u6027\u785d\u9178\u76d0\u53cd\u5e94\u5f62\u6210 NH4NO3 \u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u76d0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u786b\u9178\u94f5\u548c\u785d\u9178\u94a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210NH4NO3\u548c\u786b\u9178\u94a1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6e29\u6216\u9ad8\u538b\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5206\u79bb\u6216\u5904\u7f6e\u7684\u526f\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u5de5\u827a\uff1a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u4f4e\u6e29\u4f4e\u538b\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u5c06\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u6c2e\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210NH4NO3\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6c22\u6c14\u6216\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u6392\u653e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u571f\u58e4\u5bcc\u542b\u6c2e\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u690d\u7269\u751f\u957f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u7528\u9014<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f NH4NO3 \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u80a5\u6599\uff1aNH4NO3 \u662f\u690d\u7269\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6c2e\u6e90\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u7ea6 33.5% \u7684\u6c2e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c2e\u90fd\u53ef\u4f9b\u690d\u7269\u5438\u6536\u3002\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5728\u767d\u8272\u6216\u7070\u8272\u78b3\u9178\u94f5\u9897\u7c92\u4e0a\u6d82\u4e0a\u7c98\u571f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5b83\u4eec\u7ed3\u5757\u548c\u5438\u6536\u6c34\u5206\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u56fa\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u6eb6\u6db2\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c34\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6eb6\u89e3\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7206\u70b8\u7269\uff1aNH4NO3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u5176\u4ed6\u7206\u70b8\u7269\u7684\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u785d\u5316\u7518\u6cb9\u3001TNT\u3001RDX\u6216\u94dd\u7c89\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u70b8\u836f\uff0c\u5360\u5317\u7f8e\u4f7f\u7528\u70b8\u836f\u768480%\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u4e3aANFO\uff08NH4NO3\u548c\u71c3\u6599\u6cb9\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u6613\u7206\u70b8\u88c5\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5f15\u53d1\u5242\u624d\u80fd\u5f15\u7206\uff0c\u4f46\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u70df\u706b\uff1a\u70df\u82b1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528NH4NO3\u5236\u9020\u5404\u79cd\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u70df\u96fe\u3001\u706b\u82b1\u3001\u661f\u661f\u548c\u95ea\u7535\u3002\u51b7\u6577\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u4e0e\u6c34\u6df7\u5408\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5438\u70ed\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u7528\u4f5c\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u4e8c\u6c2e\uff08\u7b11\u6c14\uff09\u3001\u9ebb\u9189\u5242\u548c\u63a8\u8fdb\u5242\u7684\u524d\u4f53\u3002\u6c2e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u5438\u6536\u5242\uff0c\u9175\u6bcd\u548c\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u8425\u517b\u7269\uff0c\u51b7\u51bb\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u6210\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u80a5\u6599\u4ece\u54ea\u91cc\u6765\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1aNH4NO3\u80a5\u6599\u662f\u6c28\u4e0e\u785d\u9178\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5408\u6210\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u6c28\u4ece\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6765\u6e90\u83b7\u5f97\uff0c\u785d\u9178\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u7a7a\u6c14\u6c27\u5316\u6c28\u6765\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u3002 NH4NO3 \u80a5\u6599\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u8be5\u5de5\u827a\u5c06\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u6c2e\u56fa\u5b9a\u5230\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u785d\u9178\u94f5\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1aNH4NO3 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u4e3a NH4NO3\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u785d\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u767d\u8272\u7ed3\u6676\u76d0\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u56fa\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u5438\u6e7f\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5f62\u6210\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\u9014\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1aNH4NO3 \u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u7528\u4f5c\u80a5\u6599\u548c\u7528\u4f5c\u70b8\u836f\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u80a5\u6599\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u690d\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u751f\u957f\u548c\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u6c2e\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u70b8\u836f\uff0c\u5b83\u5145\u5f53\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5176\u4ed6\u70b8\u836f\u7684\u7206\u70b8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 ANFO\uff08NH4NO3 \u548c\u71c3\u6cb9\uff09 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ammonium_nitrate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong><sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/a> \u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u4e8c\u6c2e\uff08\u7b11\u6c14\uff09\u3001\u51b7\u6577\u3001\u70df\u82b1\u548c\u9175\u6bcd\u8425\u517b\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u662fNH4NO3\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a 80,043 g\/mol\uff0c\u542b\u6709 35% \u7684\u6c2e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a \u785d\u9178\u94f5\u80a5\u6599\u662f\u7531\u4ec0\u4e48\u5236\u6210\u7684\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1aNH4NO3 \u80a5\u6599\u7531 NH4NO3 \u548c\u6709\u65f6\u5176\u4ed6\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7c98\u571f\u3001\u9632\u7ed3\u5757\u5242\u6216\u7a33\u5b9a\u5242\u3002\u5546\u4e1a\u7ea7\u542b\u6709\u7ea6 33.5% \u7684\u6c2e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5f62\u5f0f\u5747\u53ef\u4f9b\u690d\u7269\u5438\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u662f\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u78b1\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1aNH4NO3\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u9178\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u78b1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76d0\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u785d\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684 pH \u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u5f31\u9178\u6216\u5f31\u78b1\u3002\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50\u7684 pKa \u4e3a 9.25\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d28\u5b50\u5e76\u5728\u78b1\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u9178\u3002\u785d\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6ca1\u6709 pKa\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u8d28\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u78b1\uff0c\u5728\u9178\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u4e0e\u6c34\u5408\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50\u5f62\u6210\u785d\u9178\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u785d\u9178\u94f5\u4f1a\u7206\u70b8\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1aNH4NO3\u7206\u70b8\u662fNH4NO3\u8fc5\u901f\u5206\u89e3\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6c2e\u6c14\u3001\u6c27\u6c14\u548c\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\uff09\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u70ed\u3001\u51b2\u51fb\u3001\u6469\u64e6\u3001\u6c61\u67d3\u6216\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5206\u89e3\u3002 NH4NO3 \u7206\u70b8\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u3001\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u73af\u5883\u9020\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u635f\u5bb3\u3002 NH4NO3 \u7206\u70b8\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u5305\u62ec 1947 \u5e74\u5fb7\u514b\u8428\u65af\u57ce\u707e\u96be\u30011921 \u5e74 Oppau \u7206\u70b8\u30012015 \u5e74\u5929\u6d25\u7206\u70b8\u548c 2020 \u5e74\u8d1d\u9c81\u7279\u7206\u70b8\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u8d2d\u4e70\u785d\u9178\u94f5\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u8d2d\u4e70 NH4NO3 \u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u6216\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5730\u533a\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cNH4NO3 \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u9020\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168\u6784\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u70b8\u836f\u6216\u7b80\u6613\u7206\u70b8\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u8d2d\u4e70 NH4NO3 \u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u60a8\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u5730\u5740\u3001\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u9884\u671f\u7528\u9014\u3002 NH4NO3 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