{"id":789,"date":"2023-07-21T04:16:51","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T04:16:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/nh4br%e5%8f%af%e6%ba%b6%e4%ba%8e%e6%b0%b4%e5%90%97\/"},"modified":"2023-07-21T04:16:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T04:16:51","slug":"nh4br%e5%8f%af%e6%ba%b6%e4%ba%8e%e6%b0%b4%e5%90%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/nh4br%e5%8f%af%e6%ba%b6%e4%ba%8e%e6%b0%b4%e5%90%97\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh4br\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1f \uff08+ 3 \u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u662f\u7684\uff0cNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\uff08\u6eb4\u5316\u94f5\uff09\u53ef\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002\u5b83\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6781\u6027\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e(NH4)+\u548cBr-\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u5e76\u88ab\u6c34\u6c34\u5408\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group key is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8981\u70b9\uff1a NH4Br \u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u94f5 (NH4)+ \u548c\u6eb4\u79bb\u5b50 (Br-) \u4e0e\u6781\u6027\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5f3a\u9759\u7535\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0cNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u53ef\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f71\u54cd NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u968f\u6e29\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff09\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ade\u4e89\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\uff09\u548c pH\uff08\u9178\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li> NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u5728\u7532\u9187\u3001\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u4e19\u916e\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 NH4Br \u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"> <em>NH<\/em> <em><sub>4<\/sub><\/em> Br\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6eb4\u5316\u94f5\uff09\u7531\u4e8e\u5176<a href=\"https:\/\/manoa.hawaii.edu\/exploringourfluidearth\/chemical\/chemistry-and-seawater\/ionic-compounds\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>\u79bb\u5b50\u6027\u8d28<\/em><\/a><em>\u53ca\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f3a\u9759\u7535\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c<\/em><em>\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34<\/em>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u79bb\u89e3\u6210\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50(NH4)+\u548c\u6eb4\u79bb\u5b50(Br-)\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/why-is-water-a-polar-molecule-609416\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6781\u6027\u6c34\u5206\u5b50<\/a>\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u6eb6\u5242\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50 (NH4)+ \u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9759\u7535\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u88ab\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u90e8\u5206\u5e26\u8d1f\u7535\u7684\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u5438\u5f15\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5bfc\u81f4\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hydration_reaction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c34\u5408<\/a>\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5305\u56f4\u5e76\u7a33\u5b9a\u5176\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u6eb4\u79bb\u5b50 (Br-) \u5e26\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u90e8\u5206\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u7684\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5438\u5f15\u3002\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5728\u6eb4\u79bb\u5b50\u5468\u56f4\u5f62\u6210<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solvation_shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c34\u5408\u58f3<\/a>\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6eb6\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u514b\u670d\u4e86 NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u6676\u683c\u5185\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0cNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u6e90\u4e8e\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6709\u5229\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u5206\u6563\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd NH4Br \u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\uff08\u6eb4\u5316\u94f5\uff09\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53d7\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u538b\u529b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u63a2\u8ba8\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6e29\u5ea6\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fa\u4f53\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u5305\u62ecNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\uff09\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u968f\u7740\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5347\u9ad8\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u514b\u670d\u56fa\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6eb6\u5242\uff08\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6c34\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u5bfc\u81f4NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u538b\u529b\uff1a<\/strong>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6eb6\u89e3\u65f6\u4f53\u79ef\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u7740\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u4f8b\u5982NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\uff09\uff0c\u538b\u529b\u5bf9\u5176\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u7740\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u6e29\u5ea6\u800c\u975e\u538b\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff1a<\/strong>\u6c34\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u8d28\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u53d1\u751f\u6709\u5229\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ade\u4e89\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e NH <sub>4<\/sub>\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u8d28\u4e0e NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u592a\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>pH\uff1a<\/strong>\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684pH\u503c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cdNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u9178\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50(NH4)+\u53ef\u8d28\u5b50\u5316\u5f62\u6210NH3\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u6c28\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d(NH4)+\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u4f4eNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6d4b\u5b9aNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u8868\u683c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u5404\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff08\u5305\u62ec NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\uff09\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\u968f\u6e29\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>NH4Br\u80fd\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"><em>\u662f\u7684\uff0cNH<\/em> <em><sub>4<\/sub><\/em> <em>Br\uff08\u6eb4\u5316\u94f5\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5176\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6eb6\u5242\u800c\u5f02\u3002 NH<\/em> <em><sub>4<\/sub><\/em> <em>Br \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u6eb6\u5242\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e(NH4)+ \u548cBr- \u79bb\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p> NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6eb6\u89e3\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6eb6\u5242\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7532\u9187(CH<\/strong> <strong><sub>3<\/sub><\/strong> <strong>OH)\uff1a<\/strong> NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u901a\u5e38\u6eb6\u4e8e\u7532\u9187\u3002\u7532\u9187\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u79bb\u5b50\u79bb\u5b50(NH4)+\u548cBri-\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e59\u9187(C<\/strong> <strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong> <strong>H<\/strong> <strong><sub>5<\/sub><\/strong> <strong>OH)\uff1a<\/strong> NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u4e5f\u6eb6\u4e8e\u4e59\u9187\u3002\u4e0e\u7532\u9187\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e59\u9187\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u6eb6\u89e3 (NH4)+ \u548c Br- \u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e19\u916e((CH<\/strong> <strong><sub>3<\/sub><\/strong> <strong>)<\/strong> <strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong> <strong>CO)\uff1a<\/strong> NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u5728\u4e19\u916e\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u3002\u4e19\u916e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polar_aprotic_solvent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6781\u6027\u975e\u8d28\u5b50\u6eb6\u5242<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9178\u6027\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u50cf\u6c34\u6216\u6781\u6027\u8d28\u5b50\u6eb6\u5242\u90a3\u6837\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6eb6\u5242\u5316NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u6781\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9bNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cNH <sub>4<\/sub> Br \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u975e\u6781\u6027\u6216\u4f4e\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5df1\u70f7\u6216\u7532\u82ef\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e0e\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5f3a\u6781\u6027\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u6eb6\u89e3NH <sub>4<\/sub> Br\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3co2\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u5417\/\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48CO2\uff08\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff09\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1f<br \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u6c28nh3\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u5417\/\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48NH3\uff08\u6c28\uff09\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff1f<br \/><\/a><a 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