{"id":724,"date":"2023-07-21T14:21:02","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T14:21:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e4%ba%9a%e7%a1%9d%e9%85%b8%e9%92%be-kno2\/"},"modified":"2023-07-21T14:21:02","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T14:21:02","slug":"%e4%ba%9a%e7%a1%9d%e9%85%b8%e9%92%be-kno2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e4%ba%9a%e7%a1%9d%e9%85%b8%e9%92%be-kno2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be \u2013 kno2\uff0c7758-09-0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be (KNO2) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u98df\u54c1\u9632\u8150\u5242\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6291\u5236\u7ec6\u83cc\u751f\u957f\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u8089\u7c7b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u98df\u7269\u8150\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u56fd\u9645\u7eaf\u7cb9\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u785d\u9178\u94be<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS \u53f7<\/td>\n7758-09-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd<\/td>\n\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u3001\u94be\u76d0\uff1b\u785d\u77f3(III)\uff1b\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\uff0c\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u4e0e\u94be\u76d0\uff081\uff1a1\uff09\uff1b E249<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1<\/td>\nInChI=1S\/K.NO2\/c;2-1-3\/q+1;-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u6027\u8d28<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u914d\u65b9<\/h3>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u662fKNO2\u3002\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u5176\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be \u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/h3>\n

KNO2 \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a 85.103 g\/mol\u3002\u5b83\u6e90\u81ea\u94be (39.10 g\/mol)\u3001\u6c2e (14.01 g\/mol) \u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c27\u539f\u5b50 (2 x 16.00 g\/mol) \u7684\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8d28\u91cf\u6216\u4f53\u79ef\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u5c11\u7269\u8d28\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9<\/h3>\n

KNO2 \u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u4e3a 320\u00b0C (608\u00b0F)\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4ece\u6db2\u76f8\u53d8\u4e3a\u6c14\u76f8\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u538b\u529b\u548c\u7eaf\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7194\u70b9<\/h3>\n

KNO2 \u7684\u7194\u70b9\u4e3a 441\u00b0C (826\u00b0F)\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u56fa\u4f53\u5316\u5408\u7269\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6db2\u76f8\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u7194\u70b9\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u662f\u5426\u9002\u5408\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u98df\u54c1\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u533b\u836f\uff09\u7684\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u5bc6\u5ea6 g\/mL<\/h3>\n

\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b KNO2 \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 1.915 g\/mL\u3002\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5355\u4f4d\u4f53\u79ef\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\uff09\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u5206\u5b50\u91cf<\/h3>\n

KNO2 \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u4e3a 85.103 g\/mol\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6d89\u53ca KNO2 \u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u5176\u7269\u7406\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n
\n
\"\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

KNO2 \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e3aKNO2\u3002\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u79bb\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u94be\u9633\u79bb\u5b50 (K+) \u548c\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u6839\u9634\u79bb\u5b50 (NO2-)\u3002\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u5f2f\u66f2\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u952e\u89d2\u7ea6\u4e3a 115\u00b0\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u548c\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\uff09\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/h3>\n

KNO2 \u6781\u6613\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\uff0c20\u00b0C \u65f6\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a 710 g\/L\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u538b\u529b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u662f\u5426\u9002\u5408\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u98df\u54c1\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u533b\u836f\uff09\u7684\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5916\u8c8c<\/td>\n\u767d\u8272\u81f3\u6de1\u9ec4\u8272\u7ed3\u6676\u56fa\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6bd4\u91cd<\/td>\n1,915<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u989c\u8272<\/td>\n\u65e0\u8272\u81f3\u767d\u8272<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u95fb<\/td>\n\u65e0\u5473<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/td>\n85.103 \u514b\/\u6469\u5c14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n1.915\u514b\/\u6beb\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u878d\u5408\u70b9<\/td>\n441\u00b0C (826\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6cb8\u70b9<\/td>\n320\u00b0C\uff08608\u00b0F\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u95ea\u70b9<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u9002\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u6781\u6613\u6eb6\u89e3\uff0820\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 710 g\/L\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u6eb6\u4e8e\u4e59\u9187\uff0c\u5fae\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c28\u6c34<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u84b8\u6c7d\u538b\u529b<\/td>\n25\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 0.0038 \u6beb\u7c73\u6c5e\u67f1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u84b8\u6c14\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n2.96\uff08\u7a7a\u6c14=1\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9178\u5ea6<\/td>\n3.35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9178\u78b1\u5ea6<\/td>\n5-8\uff085%\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5371\u9669<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0cKNO2 \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u5371\u9669\u3002\u541e\u54bd\u6216\u5438\u5165\u6709\u5bb3\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u523a\u6fc0\u773c\u775b\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u957f\u671f\u6216\u53cd\u590d\u63a5\u89e6 KNO2 \u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9ad8\u94c1\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u8840\u75c7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u964d\u4f4e\u8840\u6db2\u643a\u6c27\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3002 KNO2\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0e\u53ef\u71c3\u6750\u6599\u53d1\u751f\u5267\u70c8\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u706b\u707e\u6216\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u5904\u7406 KNO2 \u65f6\u5e94\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5145\u5206\u901a\u98ce\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u50a8\u5b58\u3002\u5982\u679c\u541e\u54bd\u6216\u5438\u5165\uff0c\u8bf7\u7acb\u5373\u5c31\u533b\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5371\u9669\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\nXn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\nS22\u3001S24\/25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8bc6\u522b\u53f7<\/td>\n\u8054\u5408\u56fd1488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6d77\u5173\u7f16\u7801<\/td>\n2834.29.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5371\u9669\u7b49\u7ea7<\/td>\n5.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5305\u88c5\u7ec4\u522b<\/td>\n\u4e09\u3001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6bd2\u6027<\/td>\n\u541e\u54bd\u6216\u5438\u5165\u6709\u5bb3\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9ad8\u94c1\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u8840\u75c7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be (KOH)<\/a>\u4e0e\u4e9a\u785d\u9178 (HNO2) \u53cd\u5e94\u5408\u6210 KNO2\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4ea7\u7269 KNO2 \u548c\u6c34 (H2O)\u3002\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0a\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5236\u9020\u5927\u91cf\u7684 KNO2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

2 KOH + HNO2 \u2192 KNO2 + 2 H2O<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5408\u6210 KNO2 \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u78b3\u9178\u94be (K2CO3)<\/a>\u4e0e\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e (NO) \u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4ea7\u7269 KNO2\u3001\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3 (CO2) \u548c\u6c2e\u6c14 (N2)\u3002\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u65e2\u56f0\u96be\u53c8\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

2 K2CO3 + 2 NO \u2192 2 KNO2 + 2 CO2 + N2<\/p>\n

KNO2 \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 SO2 \u6216 FeSO4 \u7b49\u8fd8\u539f\u5242\u6c27\u5316 KNO3 \u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4ea7\u7269 KNO2\u3001\u6c34\u548c\u8fd8\u539f\u5242\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u7559\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5408\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u786b\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

2 KNO3 + 3 SO2 + H2O \u2192 2 KNO2 + 3 H2SO4<\/p>\n

\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\u7684\u7528\u9014<\/strong><\/h2>\n

KNO2 \u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u800c\u5177\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5e94\u7528\u3002 KNO2 \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u98df\u54c1\u9632\u8150\uff1a\u7528\u4f5c\u814c\u8089\u4e2d\u7684\u9632\u8150\u5242\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6709\u5bb3\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u751f\u957f\u5e76\u5ef6\u957f\u5176\u4fdd\u8d28\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u4e1a\uff1a\u7528\u4f5c\u751f\u4ea7\u591a\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u3001\u91cd\u6c2e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u548c\u6709\u673a\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u76d0\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u519c\u4e1a\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u9ad8\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u6c2e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7528\u4f5c\u80a5\u6599\u548c\u571f\u58e4\u6539\u826f\u5242\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8bd5\u5242\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f2f\u80fa\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u91cd\u6c2e\u76d0\u7684\u5236\u5907\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. \u533b\u836f\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u56e0\u4e0e\u6c30\u5316\u7269\u79bb\u5b50\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u65e0\u6bd2\u7684\u6c30\u5316\u9ad8\u94c1\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u6c30\u5316\u7269\u4e2d\u6bd2\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. \u6444\u5f71\uff1a\u7528\u4f5c\u6444\u5f71\u663e\u5f71\u5242\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u663e\u5f71\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n
  7. \u73bb\u7483\u5de5\u4e1a\uff1a\u5728\u73bb\u7483\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u6f02\u767d\u5242\uff0c\u4ee5\u53bb\u9664\u73bb\u7483\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e9a\u785d\u9178\u94be\uff1f<\/h3>\n

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