{"id":628,"date":"2023-07-22T04:33:45","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T04:33:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%9f%e5%8c%96%e6%b0%a2-hf\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T04:33:45","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T04:33:45","slug":"%e6%b0%9f%e5%8c%96%e6%b0%a2-hf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%9f%e5%8c%96%e6%b0%a2-hf\/","title":{"rendered":"Hf\u2014\u2014\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\uff0c7664-39-3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\uff08HF\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u8150\u8680\u6027\u548c\u6bd2\u6027\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u94dd\u548c\u94c0\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u70e7\u4f24\u548c\u547c\u5438\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56fd\u9645\u7eaf\u7cb9\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n<td>\u6c1f\u6c22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u9891<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CAS \u53f7<\/td>\n<td>7664-39-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd<\/td>\n<td>\u8367\u70f7\u3001\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u3001\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1<\/td>\n<td>InChI=1S\/HF\/h1H<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u662fHF\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u4e2aHF\u5206\u5b50\u542b\u67091\u4e2a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u548c1\u4e2a\u6c1f\u539f\u5b50\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u7269\u8d28\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22 \u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22 (HF) \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u4e3a 20.01 g\/mol\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u6469\u5c14 HF \u542b\u6709 20.01 \u514b\u8be5\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u7269\u8d28\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6cb8\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u4e3a-84.6\u2103\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0cHF \u4ece\u6db2\u4f53\u53d8\u4e3a\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f4e\u6cb8\u70b9\u4f7f\u5176\u6613\u4e8e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c14\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u65f6\u52a1\u5fc5\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8150\u8680\u6027\u548c\u6bd2\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u7194\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u4e3a-83.6\u2103\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f4e\u7194\u70b9\u4f7f\u5176\u6613\u4e8e\u4ee5\u6db2\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u65f6\u52a1\u5fc5\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8150\u8680\u6027\u548c\u6bd2\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u5bc6\u5ea6 g\/mL<\/h3>\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff080 \u00b0C\uff0c1 atm\uff09\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 1.15 g\/mL\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 1 \u6beb\u5347 HF \u91cd 1.15 \u514b\u3002\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6d6e\u529b\u548c\u7c98\u5ea6\uff09\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u5206\u5b50\u91cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u4e3a20.01 g\/mol\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ec4\u6210\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u91cf\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6c22 (1.01 g\/mol) \u548c\u6c1f (18.99 g\/mol)\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u7269\u8d28\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/HF.jpg\" alt=\"\u6c1f\u6c22\" width=\"113\" height=\"67\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u4e2a\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4e0e\u6c1f\u539f\u5b50\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8be5\u5206\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u5076\u6781\u77e9\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u7684\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u5e26\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u6c1f\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u5e26\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 HF \u6210\u4e3a\u6781\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5916\u8c8c<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\u6216\u5192\u70df\u6db2\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6bd4\u91cd<\/td>\n<td>-40\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 0.991<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u989c\u8272<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u8272<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u95fb<\/td>\n<td>\u82f1\u4ea9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>20.01\u514b\/\u6469\u5c14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>0\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 1.15 \u514b\/\u6beb\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u878d\u5408\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>-83.6\u2103<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6cb8\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>-84.6\u2103<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u95ea\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>\u975e\u6613\u71c3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u6df7\u6eb6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u6eb6\u4e8e\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u4e59\u919a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u84b8\u6c7d\u538b\u529b<\/td>\n<td>20\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 825.3 kPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u84b8\u6c14\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>25\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 0.98 \u514b\/\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9178\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>3.17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9178\u78b1\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>&lt;1\uff08\u7a00\u91ca\u6eb6\u6db2\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5371\u9669\u6027<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u9ad8\u8150\u8680\u6027\u548c\u6bd2\u6027\u800c\u6784\u6210\u91cd\u5927\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5438\u5165\u6216\u63a5\u89e6\u76ae\u80a4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u70e7\u4f24\u548c\u547c\u5438\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u6eb6\u89e3\u8bb8\u591a\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u73bb\u7483\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5371\u9669\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5904\u7406\u9ad8\u9891\u65f6\u5e94\u4f69\u6234\u9632\u62a4\u88c5\u5907\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u624b\u5957\u3001\u62a4\u76ee\u955c\u548c\u547c\u5438\u9632\u62a4\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e2d\u50a8\u5b58\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5236\u5b9a\u5e94\u6025\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u53d1\u751f\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u610f\u5916\u91ca\u653e\u6216\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5371\u9669\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\n<td>\u8150\u8680\u6027\u3001\u6709\u6bd2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0a\u9501\u5b58\u653e\u5e76\u653e\u5728\u513f\u7ae5\u63a5\u89e6\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u773c\u775b\u63a5\u89e6\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u8bf7\u7acb\u5373\u7528\u6c34\u51b2\u6d17\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u533a\u57df\u5e76\u5c31\u533b\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u5438\u5165\u6c14\u4f53\/\u70df\u96fe\/\u84b8\u6c14\/\u55b7\u96fe\u3002\u4ec5\u5728\u901a\u98ce\u826f\u597d\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6234\u9632\u62a4\u624b\u5957\/\u9632\u62a4\u670d\/\u62a4\u76ee\u955c\/\u9762\u90e8\u9632\u62a4\u7f69\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8bc6\u522b\u53f7<\/td>\n<td>\u8054\u5408\u56fd1052<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6d77\u5173\u7f16\u7801<\/td>\n<td>28111100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5371\u9669\u7b49\u7ea7<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5305\u88c5\u7ec4\u522b<\/td>\n<td>\u4e8c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6bd2\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5267\u6bd2\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u70e7\u4f24\u548c\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7edf\u95ee\u9898<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u5408\u6210\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u6d89\u53ca\u5728\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\u4e2d\u52a0\u70ed\u6c1f\u5316\u9499\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u786b\u9178-\u6d53\u786b\u9178-\u6cb9-h2so4\/\">\u786b\u9178<\/a>\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\u52a0\u70ed\u6c1f\u5316\u9499\u548c\u786b\u9178\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c06\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u51b7\u5374\u5e76\u51b7\u51dd\u6210\u6db2\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u8424\u77f3\u4e0e\u6d53<a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u786b\u9178-\u6d53\u786b\u9178-\u6cb9-h2so4\/\">\u786b\u9178<\/a>\u5728\u7089\u4e2d\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6240\u5f97\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\u7eaf\u5316\u5e76\u51b7\u51dd\u6210\u6db2\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u7535\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u53ef\u51b7\u51dd\u6210\u6db2\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5316\u5b66\u5236\u9020\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u94dd\u548c\u94c0\u7684\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u5177\u6709\u5267\u6bd2\u548c\u8150\u8680\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5904\u7406\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e94\u683c\u5916\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5e76\u6ce8\u610f\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u914d\u5907\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u9732\u548c\u4e8b\u6545\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u7528\u9014<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u90fd\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6c1f\u5316\u6c22\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u78b3\u6c1f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u751f\u4ea7\u2014\u2014\u78b3\u6c1f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u751f\u4ea7\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\uff0c\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u5236\u51b7\u5242\u3001\u6c14\u6eb6\u80f6\u63a8\u8fdb\u5242\u548c\u6ce1\u6cab\u53d1\u6ce1\u5242\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6210\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u77f3\u6cb9\u7cbe\u70bc\u2014\u2014\u5728\u77f3\u6cb9\u7cbe\u70bc\u70f7\u57fa\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u6c7d\u6cb9\u7684\u8f9b\u70f7\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u73bb\u7483\u8680\u523b \u2013 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