{"id":524,"date":"2023-07-22T18:59:47","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T18:59:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e5%90%a1%e5%95%b6-c5h5n\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T18:59:47","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T18:59:47","slug":"%e5%90%a1%e5%95%b6-c5h5n","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e5%90%a1%e5%95%b6-c5h5n\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5421\u5576 \u2013 c5h5n, 110-86-1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5421\u5576\u6216C5H5N\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u516d\u5143\u542b\u6c2e\u73af\u7684\u6742\u73af\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u78b1\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u7528\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u524d\u4f53\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u519c\u836f\u548c\u836f\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56fd\u9645\u7eaf\u7cb9\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n<td>\u5421\u5576<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>C5H5N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> CAS \u53f7<\/td>\n<td>110-86-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd<\/td>\n<td>\u6c2e\u6742\u82ef\u3001\u5416\u55ea\u3001\u5416\u55ea\u5549\u3001\u5511\u3001\u5421\u5576\u3001\u5421\u5576\u78b1\u3001\u5421\u5576\u9393<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1<\/td>\n<td>InChI=1S\/C5H5N\/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1\/h1-5H <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pyridine.jpg\" alt=\"\u5421\u5576\" width=\"122\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5421\u5576\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h6>\n<p>\u5421\u5576\u5177\u6709\u542b\u4e94\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u516d\u5143\u73af\u3002\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u4f4d\u4e8e\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7fC5H5N\u5177\u6709\u6742\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 C5H5N \u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5421\u5576\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/h6>\n<p>\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u662fC5H5N\u3002\u8be5\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u5421\u5576\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u6d89\u53ca\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed9\u5b9a\u53cd\u5e94\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5421\u5576\u7684\u91cf\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf of \u5421\u5576<\/h6>\n<p>\u5421\u5576\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u7ea6\u4e3a79.1 g\/mol\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u6469\u5c14 C5H5N\uff08\u5305\u542b\u963f\u4f0f\u4f3d\u5fb7\u7f57\u5206\u5b50\u6570 (6.02 x 10^23)\uff09\u91cd 79.1 \u514b\u3002\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u662f C5H5N \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6240\u9700\u7684 C5H5N \u7684\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5421\u5576\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9<\/h6>\n<p>\u5421\u5576\u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u4e3a115.2\u2103\u3002 C5H5N\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u548c\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u84b8\u53d1\u5230\u7a7a\u6c14\u4e2d\u3002 C5H5N \u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u5176\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u9014\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d C5H5N \u84b8\u53d1\u548c\u51b7\u51dd\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5421\u5576\u7684\u7194\u70b9<\/h6>\n<p>\u5421\u5576\u7684\u7194\u70b9\u4e3a-41.6\u2103\u3002 C5H5N\u5728\u5e38\u6e29\u5e38\u538b\u4e0b\u662f\u65e0\u8272\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u51dd\u56fa\u3002 C5H5N \u7684\u7194\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u9014\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd C5H5N \u4ece\u56fa\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6db2\u6001\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5421\u5576\u5bc6\u5ea6g\/ml<\/h6>\n<p>\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u548c\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0cC5H5N \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7ea6\u4e3a 0.982 g\/mL\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u6beb\u5347 C5H5N \u91cd 0.982 \u514b\u3002 C5H5N \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6240\u9700\u7684 C5H5N \u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf<\/h6>\n<p>C5H5N\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u4e3a79.1\u514b\/\u6469\u5c14\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u662f C5H5N \u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6240\u9700\u7684 C5H5N \u7684\u91cf\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5916\u8c8c<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u8272\u6db2\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6bd4\u91cd<\/td>\n<td>0.982\u514b\/\u6beb\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u989c\u8272<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u8272<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u95fb<\/td>\n<td>\u9c7c\u7684<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/td>\n<td>79.1 \u514b\/\u6469\u5c14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>0.982\u514b\/\u6beb\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u878d\u5408\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>-41.6\u2103<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6cb8\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>115.2\u2103<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u95ea\u70b9<\/td>\n<td>21\u2103<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u6df7\u6eb6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u6eb6\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u84b8\u6c7d\u538b\u529b<\/td>\n<td>20\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 12.7 kPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u84b8\u6c14\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>2.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9178\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>5.23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9178\u78b1\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5371\u9669\u6027<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u5421\u5576 (C5H5N) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5371\u9669\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\uff0c\u5e94\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5438\u5165\u3001\u6444\u5165\u548c\u76ae\u80a4\u63a5\u89e6\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u523a\u6fc0\u773c\u775b\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u547c\u5438\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 C5H5N \u4e5f\u662f\u6613\u71c3\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6c14\u5f62\u6210\u7206\u70b8\u6027\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 C5H5N \u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u624b\u5957\u548c\u547c\u5438\u9632\u62a4\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002 C5H5N\u5e94\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u9634\u51c9\u3001\u5e72\u71e5\u3001\u901a\u98ce\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u706b\u6e90\u3002\u5982\u679c\u610f\u5916\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u8bf7\u7acb\u5373\u5c31\u533b\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5904\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6c61\u67d3\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5371\u9669\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\n<td>\u603b\u6c2e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\n<td>\u6709\u6bd2\uff0c\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u6709\u5371\u9669<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8bc6\u522b\u53f7<\/td>\n<td>UN1282\uff08\u5421\u5576\uff09\u3001UN2312\uff08\u5421\u5576\u78b1\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6d77\u5173\u7f16\u7801<\/td>\n<td>2933.39.90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5371\u9669\u7b49\u7ea7<\/td>\n<td>6.1\uff08\u6709\u6bd2\u7269\u8d28\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5305\u88c5\u7ec4\u522b<\/td>\n<td>\u4e8c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6bd2\u6027<\/td>\n<td>LD50\uff08\u5927\u9f20\u53e3\u670d\uff09\uff1a891 mg\/kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u5421\u5576(C5H5N)\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ecHantzsch\u4e8c\u6c22\u5421\u5576\u5408\u6210\u3001chichibabin\u5408\u6210\u548cB\u00f6nnemann\u73af\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p> Hantzsch\u4e8c\u6c22\u5421\u5576\u7684\u5408\u6210\u6d89\u53ca\u919b\u3001\u03b2-\u916e\u916f\u548c\u6c28\u6216\u4e59\u9178\u94f5\u5728\u4e59\u9178\u6216\u54cc\u5576\u7b49\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5b58\u5728\u4e0b\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6240\u5f97\u4e8c\u6c22\u5421\u5576\u6c27\u5316\u5f62\u6210C5H5N\u3002<\/p>\n<p> Chichibabin \u5408\u6210\u6d89\u53ca\u4e59\u7094\u4e0e\u6c28\u5728\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6c28\u57fa\u94a0\uff09\u5b58\u5728\u4e0b\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u84b8\u998f\u7eaf\u5316\u6240\u5f97C5H5N\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f2f\u6069\u66fc\u73af\u5316\u6d89\u53ca\u4e59\u7094\u884d\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u785d\u57fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728\u94af\u6216\u954d\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5b58\u5728\u4e0b\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u84b8\u998f\u6216\u8272\u8c31\u6cd5\u7eaf\u5316\u6240\u5f97C 5 H 5 N\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5408\u6210 C5H5N \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f Smiles \u91cd\u6392\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca N-\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u91cd\u6392\u5f62\u6210 C5H5N\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6210\u672c\u3001\u539f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7eaf\u5ea6\u548c\u6536\u7387\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u65e2\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5421\u5576\u7684\u7528\u9014<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u5421\u5576 (C5H5N) \u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5236\u836f\u3001\u519c\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u548c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u533b\u836f\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0cC5H5N\u7528\u4f5c\u5408\u6210\u591a\u79cd\u836f\u7269\u7684\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6297\u7ec4\u80fa\u836f\u3001\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u548c\u6297\u51dd\u8840\u5242\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u67d0\u4e9b\u836f\u7269\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u519c\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0cC5H5N\u7528\u4f5c\u5408\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u9664\u8349\u5242\u3001\u6740\u83cc\u5242\u548c\u6740\u866b\u5242\u7684\u539f\u6599\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u7528\u4f5c\u6eb6\u5242\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u52a8\u7269\u9972\u6599\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p> C5H5N \u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u548c\u5851\u6599\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u6eb6\u5242\u3001\u589e\u5851\u5242\u6216\u4ea4\u8054\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n<p> C5H5N \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u9014\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u4f5c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3001\u8150\u8680\u6291\u5236\u5242\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5408\u6210\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8bd5\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n<p> C5H5N \u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e C5H5N \u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u548c\u6613\u71c3\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 C5H5N \u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u5421\u5576\u662f\u82b3\u9999\u65cf\u5417\uff1f<\/h6>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u662f\u7684\uff0cC5H5N \u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5e73\u9762\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u79bb\u57df pi \u7535\u5b50\u800c\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u82b3\u9999\u65cf\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u95ee\uff1a\u5421\u5576 (C5H5N) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u78b1\uff0cKb \u4e3a 1.7 x 10^-9\u3002 0.10 M \u5421\u5576\u7684 pH \u503c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f<\/h6>\n<p>\u7b54\uff1a\u8981\u6c42\u89e3 0.10 M \u5421\u5576\u7684 pH\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f Kb\uff1aKb = [H+][C5H5N]\/[C5H5NH+]\u3002\u7531\u4e8e C5H5N \u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u8bbe [H+] \u4e0e [C5H5NH+] \u76f8\u6bd4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7b80\u5316\u4e3aKb = [OH-][C5H5N]\/[C5H5NH+]\u3002\u4ee3\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230 Kb = (x^2)\/(0.10 \u2013 x)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d x \u662f\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u3002\u6c42\u89e3 x\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230 x = 1.0 x 10^-6 M\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c0.10 M C5H5N \u7684 pH 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