{"id":521,"date":"2023-07-22T19:22:10","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T19:22:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%af-cl2\/"},"modified":"2023-07-22T19:22:10","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T19:22:10","slug":"%e6%b0%af-cl2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%af-cl2\/","title":{"rendered":"Cl2 \u2013 \u6c2f\uff0c7782-50-5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6c2f (Cl2) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u9ec4\u7eff\u8272\u6c14\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6d88\u6bd2\u5242\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 PVC \u548c\u6eb6\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u56fd\u9645\u7eaf\u7cb9\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n\u4e8c\u6c2f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u6c2f\u6c14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS \u53f7<\/td>\n7782-50-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd<\/td>\n\u5206\u5b50\u6c2f\u3001\u6c2f\u3001Cloro\u3001Chlor\u3001Chloor\u3001Cloreto de cloro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e59\u9170\u80c6\u78b1<\/td>\nInChI=1S\/Cl2\/c1-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
Cl2 \u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/h6>\n

Cl2 \u6216\u6c2f\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c2f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\uff0c\u5373 70.906 g\/mol\u3002\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6240\u9700\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6216\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u65f6\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3 Cl2 \u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n

\n
\"\u6c2f\u6c14\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
\u8def\u6613\u65af\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0fCl2<\/h6>\n

Cl2 \u5177\u6709\u7ebf\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c2f\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u4e2a\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5176\u8def\u6613\u65af\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a Cl \u539f\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b64\u5bf9\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u7535\u5b50\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6cb8\u70b9 Cl2<\/h6>\n

\u6807\u51c6\u538b\u529b\u4e0b Cl2 \u7684\u6cb8\u70b9\u4e3a -34.04\u00b0C (-29.27\u00b0F)\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6cb8\u70b9\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u548c\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u6c14\u6001Cl2\u3002\u5904\u7406 Cl2 \u65f6\u52a1\u5fc5\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u4f4e\u6e29\u4f4e\u538b\u4e0b\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d8\u6210\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u56fa\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

Cl2 \u7194\u70b9<\/h6>\n

\u6807\u51c6\u538b\u529b\u4e0b Cl2 \u7684\u7194\u70b9\u4e3a -101.5\u00b0C (-150.7\u00b0F)\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u7194\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u548c\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u6c14\u6001Cl2\u3002\u5904\u7406 Cl2 \u65f6\u52a1\u5fc5\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u4f4e\u6e29\u4f4e\u538b\u4e0b\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d8\u6210\u6db2\u4f53\u6216\u56fa\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

Cl2 \u5bc6\u5ea6 g\/ml<\/h6>\n

\u6807\u51c6\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u538b\u529b (STP) \u4e0b Cl2 \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 0.003214 g\/mL\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 Cl2 \u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c14\u5c0f\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5347\u5230\u5927\u6c14\u4e2d\u3002 Cl2 \u53ef\u4ee5\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u52a0\u538b\u94a2\u74f6\u6216\u542b\u6709\u6bd4\u7a7a\u6c14\u91cd\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6c2e\u6c14\uff09\u7684\u50a8\u7f50\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c2f\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf<\/h6>\n

Cl2\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u4e3a70.906 g\/mol\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6469\u5c14 Cl2 \u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u963f\u4f0f\u4f3d\u5fb7\u7f57\u5206\u5b50\u6570 (6.022 x 10^23)\u3002 Cl2 \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c2f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h6>\n

Cl2\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c2f\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c2f\u539f\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u952e\u957f\u4e3a 1.99 \u57c3\uff0c\u952e\u80fd\u4e3a 242 kJ\/mol\u3002 Cl2 \u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6784\u578b\u4e3a [Ne]3s23p5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6c2f\u539f\u5b50\u5411\u952e\u5bf9\u8d21\u732e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c2f\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f<\/h6>\n

Cl2 \u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u952e\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684 Cl \u539f\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u7531Cl-Cl\u6216Cl2\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u4ee5\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5916\u8c8c<\/td>\n\u9ec4\u7eff\u8272\u6c14\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6bd4\u91cd<\/td>\n1.56\uff08\u6db2\u4f53\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u989c\u8272<\/td>\n\u82cd\u9ec4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u95fb<\/td>\n\u523a\u9f3b\u4e14\u4ee4\u4eba\u7a92\u606f\u7684\u6c14\u5473<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf<\/td>\n70.906 \u514b\/\u6469\u5c14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u6807\u51c6\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4e3a 0.003214 \u514b\/\u6beb\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u878d\u5408\u70b9<\/td>\n-101.5\u00b0C (-150.7\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6cb8\u70b9<\/td>\n-34.04\u00b0C (-29.27\u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u95ea\u70b9<\/td>\n\u975e\u6613\u71c3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n20\u00b0C \u65f6\u4e3a 0.92 \u514b\/100 \u6beb\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u3001\u4e59\u9187\u3001\u4e59\u919a\u3001\u82ef\u53ca\u591a\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u84b8\u6c7d\u538b\u529b<\/td>\n20\u00b0C \u65f6 102.44 kPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u84b8\u6c14\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/td>\n2.49\uff08\u7a7a\u6c14=1\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9178\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u2013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u9178\u78b1\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u2013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
Cl2 \u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u5371\u9669<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u6c2f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u547c\u5438\u9053\u523a\u6fc0\u4ee5\u53ca\u773c\u775b\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u7c98\u819c\u7684\u635f\u4f24\u3002\u5438\u5165\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6c2f\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u80ba\u6c34\u80bf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5371\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u3002\u6c2f\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u8150\u8680\u6027\uff0c\u4f1a\u635f\u574f\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u5851\u6599\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6750\u6599\u3002\u4e3a\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u5904\u7406\u6c2f\uff0c\u5e94\u4f69\u6234\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u9632\u62a4\u88c5\u5907\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u62a4\u76ee\u955c\u3001\u624b\u5957\u548c\u547c\u5438\u5668\u3002\u6c2f\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u901a\u98ce\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5bb9\u5668\u90fd\u5e94\u8d34\u4e0a\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5e76\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5371\u9669\u7b26\u53f7<\/td>\n\u9ab7\u9ac5\u548c\u4ea4\u53c9\u9aa8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u8bf4\u660e<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u6bd2\u3001\u8150\u8680\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\uff1b\u5f15\u8d77\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u547c\u5438\u9053\u548c\u76ae\u80a4\u523a\u6fc0\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5438\u5165\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u81f4\u547d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u8bc6\u522b\u53f7<\/td>\n\u8054\u5408\u56fd1017<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6d77\u5173\u7f16\u7801<\/td>\n2801.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5371\u9669\u7b49\u7ea7<\/td>\n2.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5305\u88c5\u7ec4\u522b<\/td>\n\u6211<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6bd2\u6027<\/td>\n\u5267\u6bd2\uff1b\u5438\u5165\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u53ef\u5f15\u8d77\u80ba\u6c34\u80bf\u5e76\u81f4\u547d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\u6c2f\u6c14\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u5408\u6210\u6c2f\u6c14\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u76d0\u6c34\u7535\u89e3\u6cd5\u3001HCl\u6c27\u5316\u6cd5\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76d0\u6c34\u7535\u89e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u4f7f\u7535\u6d41\u901a\u8fc7\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0 (NaCl) \u548c\u6c34 (H2O) \u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u9633\u6781\u4ea7\u751f\u6c2f\u6c14\uff0c\u5728\u9634\u6781\u4ea7\u751f\u6c22\u6c14\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u4ea7\u6c2f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7528\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 KMnO4 \u6216 MnO2\uff09\u6c27\u5316 HCl\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4ea7\u7269\u6c2f\u6c14\u548c\u6c34\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 MgCl2 \u6216 FeCl3\uff09\u7684\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u6c2f\u6c14\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u5c06\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2f\u5316\u7269\u52a0\u70ed\u81f3\u9ad8\u6e29\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5206\u89e3\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6c2f\u6c14\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c2f\u6c14\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u7eaf\u5ea6\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c2f\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u6bd2\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u8c28\u614e\u5904\u7406\u6c2f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c2f\u7684\u7528\u9014<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u6c2f\u6c14\u5728\u5404\u884c\u4e1a\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002\u6c2f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u805a\u6c2f\u4e59\u70ef (PVC)\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5851\u6599\u6750\u6599\u3002\u6c2f\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u5176\u4ed6\u6c2f\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c2f\u4eff\u548c\u56db\u6c2f\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7528\u4f5c\u6eb6\u5242\u548c\u5236\u9020\u5236\u51b7\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c2f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u6d88\u6bd2\u5242\u6765\u5904\u7406\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u3002\u6c2f\u6c14\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6740\u6b7b\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c27\u5316\u548c\u53bb\u9664\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7eb8\u6d46\u548c\u9020\u7eb8\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c2f\u6c14\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u6f02\u767d\u5242\u6765\u589e\u767d\u7eb8\u5236\u54c1\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u5c3c\u9f99\u548c\u805a\u916f\u7b49\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5236\u9020\u67d3\u6599\u548c\u989c\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c2f\u6c14\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u836f\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u51b6\u91d1\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5265\u79bb\u548c\u6e05\u6d01\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5371\u9669\u6027\uff0c\u6c2f\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u50a8\u5b58\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

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