{"id":1073,"date":"2023-07-19T03:52:50","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T03:52:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/kcl%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%94%b5%e8%a7%a3%e8%b4%a8%e5%90%97\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T03:52:50","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T03:52:50","slug":"kcl%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%94%b5%e8%a7%a3%e8%b4%a8%e5%90%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/kcl%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%94%b5%e8%a7%a3%e8%b4%a8%e5%90%97\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48kcl\u662f\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff1f \uff08+ 3 \u4ef6\u4e8b\u8981\u77e5\u9053\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u662f\u7684\uff0cKCl \u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strong_electrolyte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28<\/a>\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff1a\u94be\u79bb\u5b50 (K+) \u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50 (Cl-)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7535\u79bb\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5bfc\u7535\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aqueous_solution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2<\/a>\u4e2d\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group key is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8981\u70b9\uff1aKCl \u662f\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li> KCl \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\u51cf\u5f31\uff0c\u5b83\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210 K\u207a \u548c Cl\u207b \u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/li>\n<li> KCl\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6bd4\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5927\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u8f83\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e KCl \u80fd\u591f\u5bfc\u7535\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u7535\u6c60\u3001\u533b\u7597 IV \u6eb6\u6db2\u3001\u7535\u9540\u5de5\u827a\u3001\u6c2f\u78b1\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u65bd\u80a5\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 KCl \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"><em>\u6c2f\u5316\u94be (KCl) \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e KCl\uff0c\u5b83\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u94be\u79bb\u5b50 (K\u207a) \u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50 (Cl\u207b)\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p> KCl \u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u662f\u89e3\u79bb\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> KCl(s) \u2192 K\u207a(aq) + Cl\u207b(aq)<\/p>\n<p> KCl \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u94be\u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chemical_bond\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5316\u5b66\u952e<\/a>\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002 KCl \u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\u901a\u8fc7\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u9633\u79bb\u5b50 (K\u207a) \u548c\u5e26\u8d1f\u7535\u7684\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u9634\u79bb\u5b50 (Cl\u207b) \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f3a\u9759\u7535\u529b\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79bb\u5b50\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6c34\u7b49\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5305\u56f4\u79bb\u5b50\u5e76\u4e0e\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u524a\u5f31\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e KCl\uff0c\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u7684\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u5e26\u8d1f\u7535\u7684\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0e\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u663e\u7740\u51cf\u5f31\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u79bb\u5b50\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u79fb\u52a8\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u81ea\u7531\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u79bb\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u7535\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5e26\u6709\u7535\u8377\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e KCl \u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u4e3a K\u207a \u548c Cl\u207b \u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cKCl\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u975e\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u79bb\u89e3\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5bfc\u7535\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>KCl \u4ece\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684\u89e3\u79bb\u5ea6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\">KCl\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dissociation_(chemistry)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>\u79bb\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/em><\/a><em>\u660e\u663e<\/em><em>\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u3002 KCl \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u94be (K\u207a) \u548c\u6c2f (Cl\u207b) \u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53 KCl \u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u79bb\u89e3\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cK+ \u548c Cl- \u79bb\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9759\u7535\u529b\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5f31\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u9ad8\u5ea6\u89e3\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 KCl \u5206\u5b50\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u53d8\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c <a href=\"https:\/\/chem.libretexts.org\/Bookshelves\/Introductory_Chemistry\/Book%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)\/15%3A_Water\/15.09%3A_Strong_and_Weak_Electrolytes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28<\/a>\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u952e\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5f3a\u5e76\u4e14\u89e3\u79bb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u592a\u6709\u5229\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5206\u5b50\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u89e3\u79bb\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u50cf KCl \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4ec5\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u90e8\u5206\u79bb\u89e3\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>KCl \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u6c2f\u5316\u94be (KCl) \u5177\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u5bfc\u7535\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff1a<\/strong> KCl \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c2f\u5316\u94be\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u950c\u78b3\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0cKCl \u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u6c60\u7535\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u5316\u5b66\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7535\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c2f\u5316\u94be\u6ce8\u5c04\u6db2\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u533b\u7597\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94be\u7528\u4f5c\u9759\u8109\u6ce8\u5c04 (IV) \u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u4ee5\u8865\u5145\u94be\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6216\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5931\u8861\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u94be\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u4f53\u5185\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u4f20\u9012\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7535\u9540\uff1a<\/strong> KCl \u5728\u7535\u9540\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u88ab\u8fd8\u539f\u5e76\u6c89\u79ef\u5728\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6d82\u5c42\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u7535\u9540\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5bfc\u7535\u4ecb\u8d28\u3002\u8be5\u7535\u9540\u5de5\u827a\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece KCl \u751f\u4ea7\u94be (K)\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c2f\u78b1\u5de5\u4e1a\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/technology\/chlor-alkali-process\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c2f\u78b1<\/a>\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0cKCl\u662f\u6c2f\u6c14\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u7535\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94be\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u548c\u6c2f\u6c14\u3002\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u6c2f\u5219\u7528\u4e8e PVC\u3001\u6f02\u767d\u5242\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u571f\u58e4\u65bd\u80a5\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u94be\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94be\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u80a5\u6599\uff0c\u4e3a\u690d\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u94be\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5176\u751f\u957f\u548c\u6574\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u94be\u662f\u690d\u7269\u5404\u79cd\u751f\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u5927\u91cf\u8425\u517b\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7814\u7a76\uff1a<\/strong> KCl \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u5df2\u77e5\u7279\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 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