{"id":1070,"date":"2023-07-19T04:10:57","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T04:10:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%af%e5%8c%96%e9%92%a0%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%94%b5%e8%a7%a3%e8%b4%a8%e5%90%97\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T04:10:57","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T04:10:57","slug":"%e6%b0%af%e5%8c%96%e9%92%a0%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%94%b5%e8%a7%a3%e8%b4%a8%e5%90%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%af%e5%8c%96%e9%92%a0%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%94%b5%e8%a7%a3%e8%b4%a8%e5%90%97\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 nacl\uff08\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/electrolyte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7535\u89e3\u8d28<\/a>\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff1a\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50 (Na+) \u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50 (Cl-)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79bb\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u79fb\u52a8\u5e76\u5bfc\u7535\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f NaCl \u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f20\u5bfc\u7535\u6d41\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group key is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8981\u70b9\uff1a\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u662f\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u7b49\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7531\u4e8e\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5bfc\u7535\u3002<\/li>\n<li> NaCl\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6bd4\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u9ad8\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u79bb\u89e3\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7535\u9540\u3001\u6c2f\u78b1\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u7535\u6c60\u3001\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u533b\u7528\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u548c\u6c2f\u751f\u4ea7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 NaCl \u662f\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"><em>\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0 (NaCl) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Strong_electrolyte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28<\/em><\/a><em>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff08\u94a0\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u6c2f\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\uff09\u3002\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u662f\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u7b49\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u65f6\u5bfc\u7535\u7684\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u7684\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5176\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5728 NaCl \u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u6676\u683c\u4e2d\uff0c\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50 (Na+) \u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50 (Cl-) \u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u9759\u7535\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u5c06\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u6781\u6027\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5305\u56f4\u79bb\u5b50\u5e76\u4e0e\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u524a\u5f31\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u5076\u6781\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u5e26\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u5e26\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u5e26\u8f7b\u5fae\u8d1f\u7535\u7684\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u7684\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\uff08Na+\uff09\uff0c\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u5e26\u8f7b\u5fae\u6b63\u7535\u7684\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u5e26\u8d1f\u7535\u7684\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50\uff08Cl-\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solvation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6eb6\u89e3<\/a>\u6216\u6c34\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e\u79bb\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u8db3\u4ee5\u514b\u670d\u5c06\u56fa\u4f53\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684 Na+ \u548c Cl- \u79bb\u5b50\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u529b\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u5f0f\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0 (s) \u2192 Na <sup>+<\/sup> (aq) + Cl <sup>\u2013<\/sup> (aq)<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u5206\u5b50\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u4f1a\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5bfc\u7535\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u663e\u7740\u7684\u7535\u79bb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4f20\u5bfc\u7535\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6781\u6027\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e\u56fa\u6001\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u4f1a\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e2d NaCl \u7684\u89e3\u79bb\u5ea6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"><em>NaCl\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u3002\u5f53\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53 NaCl\uff08\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\uff09\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50 (Na+) \u548c\u6c2f\u79bb\u5b50 (Cl-)\uff0c\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u79bb\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570 NaCl \u5206\u5b50\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5bfc\u7535\u3002\u8be5\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f31\u9178\uff08\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/acetic-acid-properties-uses-and-incident-management\/acetic-acid-general-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4e59\u9178<\/a>(CH3COOH)\uff09\u6216\u5f31\u78b1\uff08\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ammonia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c28<\/a>(NH3)\uff09\u4ec5\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u7684\u89e3\u79bb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u5927\u4e8e\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u3002 NaCl\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u5f31\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 NaCl \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0 (NaCl) 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rel=\"noopener\">\u6c2f\u78b1\u5de5\u827a<\/a>\u662f\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u7535\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c2f\u5316\u94a0\u5728\u9633\u6781\u7535\u89e3\u4ea7\u751f\u6c2f\u6c14(Cl2)\uff0c\u5728\u9634\u6781\u4ea7\u751f\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0(NaOH)\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002\u6c2f\u6c14\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\u662f\u5404\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7535\u6c60\uff1a<\/strong>\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7535\u6c60\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sodium-ion_battery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u6c60\uff09<\/a>\u4f7f\u7528 NaCl 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