{"id":1056,"date":"2023-07-19T06:35:25","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T06:35:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%a2%e6%b0%a7%e5%8c%96%e9%92%a0naoh%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%a2%b1%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e7%a2%b1\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T06:35:25","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T06:35:25","slug":"%e6%b0%a2%e6%b0%a7%e5%8c%96%e9%92%a0naoh%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%a2%b1%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e7%a2%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%a2%e6%b0%a7%e5%8c%96%e9%92%a0naoh%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%a2%b1%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e7%a2%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"Naoh\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>NaOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u78b1\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\uff08Na+\uff09\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff08OH-\uff09\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0cpH\u503c\u975e\u5e38\u78b1\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group key is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8981\u70b9\uff1aNaOH \u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li> NaOH\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/li>\n<li> NaOH \u542b\u6709\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5448\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u5e76\u4e0e\u9178\u53d1\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<li> NaOH \u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u7528\u9014\u4e2d\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5316\u5b66\u5236\u9020\u3001\u9020\u7eb8\u548c\u7eb8\u6d46\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u7cbe\u70bc\u3001\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\u3001\u98df\u54c1\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u751f\u7269\u67f4\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4 pH \u8c03\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48NaOH\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"> <em>NaOH \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u78b1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50 Na+ \u548c OH-\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0cNaOH \u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u4e3a\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50 (Na\u207a) \u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50 (OH\u207b)\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> NaOH \u2192 Na\u207a + OH\u207b<\/p>\n<p> NaOH \u7684\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709 NaOH \u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5927\u91cf\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b OH\u207b \u79bb\u5b50\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u63a5\u53d7\u9178\u6027\u7269\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684\u8d28\u5b50\uff08H\u207a \u79bb\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neutralization_(chemistry)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u548c\u53cd\u5e94<\/a>\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u6c34\u548c\u76d0\u3002<\/p>\n<p> NaOH \u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u662f\u5176\u5f3a\u79bb\u5b50\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u94a0 (Na\u207a) \u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839 (OH\u207b) \u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u9759\u7535\u529b\u76f8\u4e92\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 NaOH \u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8870\u53d8\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cNaOH \u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u800c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u5f3a\u78b1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u8bd5\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>NaOH \u7684\u89e3\u79bb\u4e0e\u5f31\u78b1\u7684\u89e3\u79bb\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f NaOH\uff08\u5f3a\u78b1\uff09\u548c\u5f31\u78b1\u89e3\u79bb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002 <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fffcf5\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5916\u8c8c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>NaOH\uff08\u5f3a\u78b1\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u4f4e\u57fa\u6570<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u89e3\u79bb\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6 OH\u207b<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e\u6d53\u5ea6 OH\u207b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> pH\u503c\u6eb6\u6db2<\/td>\n<td>\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5f31\u78b1\u6027<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7535\u5bfc\u7387<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u5bfc\u7535\u7387<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e\u7535\u5bfc\u7387<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e0e\u9178\u53cd\u5e94<\/td>\n<td>\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u6709\u529b<\/td>\n<td>\u66f4\u6162\u66f4\u67d4\u548c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4f8b\u5b50<\/td>\n<td>NaOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff09<\/td>\n<td> NH <sub>4<\/sub> OH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94f5\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u8868\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cNaOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f3a\u78b1\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff08OH\u207b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f pH \u503c\u9ad8\u4e8e 7 \u7684\u9ad8\u78b1\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u9178\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f31\u78b1\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u90e8\u5206\u79bb\u89e3\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4ec5\u5448\u5f31\u78b1\u6027\uff0cpH \u503c\u5927\u4e8e 7\uff08\u4f46\u63a5\u8fd1 7\uff09\u3002\u5f31\u78b1\u7684\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u6bd4\u5f3a\u78b1\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e0e\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u66f4\u7f13\u6162\u3001\u66f4\u6e29\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f31\u78b1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f NH <sub>4<\/sub> OH\uff08 <a href=\"https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/Ammonium-Hydroxide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94f5<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f31\u78b1\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bb6\u5ead\u6e05\u6d01\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u836f\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6e29\u548c\u3001\u53d7\u63a7\u7684\u78b1\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>NaOH\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\uff0cNaOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff09\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u7528\u9014\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u5236\u9020\uff1a<\/strong> NaOH \u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u5404\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6d17\u6da4\u5242\u3001\u80a5\u7682\u3001\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u548c\u5851\u6599\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7682\u5316\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6c34\u89e3\u8102\u80aa\u548c\u6cb9\u4ee5\u751f\u4ea7\u80a5\u7682\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9020\u7eb8\u548c\u7eb8\u6d46\u5de5\u4e1a\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u9020\u7eb8\u548c\u7eb8\u6d46\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0cNaOH \u5728\u7eb8\u6d46\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u89e3\u6728\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u6728\u8d28\u7d20\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u8131\u6728\u7d20\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9020\u7eb8\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4e1a\uff1a<\/strong> NaOH \u7528\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/technology\/mercerization\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4e1d\u5149\u5904\u7406<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u68c9\u7ea4\u7ef4\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3001\u5149\u6cfd\u548c\u67d3\u8272\u4eb2\u548c\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u7cbe\u70bc\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u94dd\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\uff0cNaOH \u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u79f0\u4e3a\u62dc\u8033\u6cd5\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u4ece\u94dd\u571f\u77ff\u77ff\u77f3\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\uff08\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c34\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong> NaOH \u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u6c34\u548c\u5e9f\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 pH \u503c\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u548c\u9178\u6027\u6c34\u5e76\u63a7\u5236 pH \u503c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u73af\u5883\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u7269\u8d28\uff0cNaOH \u5177\u6709\u6eb6\u89e3\u6cb9\u8102\u3001\u6cb9\u548c\u6709\u673a\u6750\u6599\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u70e4\u7bb1\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\u3001\u6392\u6c34\u6c9f\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u9664\u6cb9\u5242\uff09\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6210\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u98df\u54c1\u5de5\u4e1a\uff1a<\/strong> NaOH\u7528\u4e8e\u6c34\u679c\u548c\u852c\u83dc\u53bb\u76ae\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u53ef\u548c\u5de7\u514b\u529b\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5c06\u53ef\u53ef\u56fa\u4f53\u4e0e\u53ef\u53ef\u8102\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u751f\u7269\u67f4\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\uff1a<\/strong> NaOH \u7528\u4e8e\u916f\u4ea4\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c06\u690d\u7269\u6cb9\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u8102\u80aa\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u67f4\u6cb9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u7684 pH \u8c03\u8282\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\uff0cNaOH \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684 pH \u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5904\u7406 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