{"id":1050,"date":"2023-07-19T07:39:27","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T07:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%a2%e6%b0%a7%e5%8c%96%e9%92%bekoh%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%a2%b1%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e7%a2%b1\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T07:39:27","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T07:39:27","slug":"%e6%b0%a2%e6%b0%a7%e5%8c%96%e9%92%bekoh%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%a2%b1%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e7%a2%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%a2%e6%b0%a7%e5%8c%96%e9%92%bekoh%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%a2%b1%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e7%a2%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"Koh\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>KOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u78b1\u3002\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u65f6\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb\u6210\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\uff08K+\uff09\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff08OH-\uff09\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5448\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\uff0c\u5177\u6709pH\u77b3\u5b54\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group key is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8981\u70b9\uff1aKOH \u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li> KOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u78b1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\uff08K+\uff09\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff08OH-\uff09\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u9ad8\u78b1\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e\u5f31\u78b1\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cKOH \u51e0\u4e4e 100% \u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0cpH \u503c\u66f4\u78b1\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u6027\uff0cKOH \u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u5236\u9020\u3001\u80a5\u7682\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u751f\u7269\u67f4\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\u3001pH \u8c03\u8282\u3001\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 KOH \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"> <em>KOH \u6216\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u5f53 KOH \u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u94be\u79bb\u5b50 (K+) \u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50 (OH-)\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> KOH (s) + H2O (l) \u2192 K+ (aq) + OH- (aq)<\/p>\n<p>\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50 (OH-) \u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86 KOH \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8d28\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6c34\uff09\u7684\u8d28\u5b50 (H+)\uff0c\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff0c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acs.org\/content\/acs\/en\/molecule-of-the-week\/archive\/h\/hydronium-ion.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c34\u5408\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50<\/a>(H3O+) \u6d53\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2 pH \u503c\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u5448\u78b1\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p> KOH \u7684\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u94be (K+) \u5bf9\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50 (OH-) \u7684\u9ad8\u4eb2\u548c\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u79bb\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f31\u78b1\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u78b1\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>KOH \u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u4e0e\u5f31\u78b1\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f KOH\uff08\u5f3a\u78b1\uff09\u548c\u6b64\u5904\u7528\u201cB\u201d\u8868\u793a\u7684\u901a\u7528\u5f31\u78b1\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fffcf5\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u5f3a\u78b1\uff08KOH\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u5f31\u78b1\uff08B\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>KOH (s) + H2O (l) \u2192 K+ (aq) + OH- (aq)<\/td>\n<td> B (aq) + H2O (l) \u21cc BH+ (aq) + OH- (aq)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u89e3\u79bb\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e 100% \u7684 KOH \u5206\u5b50\u7535\u79bb\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206 B \u5206\u5b50\u7535\u79bb\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6(OH-)<\/td>\n<td>\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d OH \u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d OH \u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td> pH\u503c\u6eb6\u6db2<\/td>\n<td>\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u78b1\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2 (pH &gt; 7)\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a0d\u5fae\u78b1\u6027\u6216\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b9e\u529b\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840<\/td>\n<td>\u5f3a\u78b1\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb\u5e76\u91ca\u653e OH \u79bb\u5b50\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5f31\u78b1\uff08\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u79bb\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u8f83\u5c11\u7684 OH \u79bb\u5b50\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0cKOH \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u78b1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u9ad8\u78b1\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f31\u78b1\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u78b1\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>KOH\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>KOH \u7684\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be (KOH) \u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u5236\u9020\uff1a<\/strong> KOH\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u5404\u79cd\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\uff0c\u5982\u78b3\u9178\u94be\u3001\u78f7\u9178\u94be\u3001\u94be\u7682\u548c\u6709\u673a\u9178\u94be\u76d0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u80a5\u7682\u751f\u4ea7\uff1a<\/strong> KOH \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saponification\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7682\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/a>\u4e2d\u751f\u4ea7\u6db2\u4f53\u7682\u548c\u8f6f\u7682\u3002 KOH \u4e0e\u8102\u80aa\u6216\u6cb9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f62\u6210\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u94be\u76d0\uff08\u94be\u7682\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u751f\u7269\u67f4\u6cb9\u751f\u4ea7\uff1a<\/strong> KOH \u5728\u916f\u4ea4\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u4f5c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5c06\u690d\u7269\u6cb9\u6216\u52a8\u7269\u8102\u80aa\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u67f4\u6cb9\uff08\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u7532\u916f\uff09\u548c\u7518\u6cb9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff1a<\/strong> KOH \u7528\u4f5c\u78b1\u6027\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u6c60\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u6d41\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>pH \u8c03\u8282\uff1a<\/strong> KOH \u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684 pH \u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u3001\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\u548c\u5236\u836f\u5236\u9020\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\uff1a<\/strong> KOH \u5177\u6709\u4e73\u5316\u6cb9\u8102\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u53bb\u9664\u6cb9\u8102\u548c\u6c61\u6e0d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u6e05\u6d01\u5242\u548c\u6d17\u6da4\u5242\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u94be\u80a5\uff1a<\/strong> KOH\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u542b\u94be\u80a5\u6599\uff0c\u5bf9\u690d\u7269\u751f\u957f\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u98df\u54c1\u548c\u996e\u6599\u884c\u4e1a\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0cKOH \u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8282 pH \u503c\u3001\u52a0\u5de5\u53ef\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\u7684\u98df\u54c1\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cKOH \u662f\u4e00\u79cd<a href=\"https:\/\/emergency.cdc.gov\/agent\/caustics\/index.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u9ad8\u8150\u8680\u6027\u7269\u8d28<\/a>\uff0c\u5176\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u9632\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5f3a\u78b1\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4f1a\u523a\u6fc0\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u5e94\u8c28\u614e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u6c28-nh3-\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\/\">NH3\uff08\u6c28\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0naoh\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\/\">NaOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff1f<br \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499caoh2\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u5417\/\">\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u9499 [Ca(OH)2] \u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u5417\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/lioh\u57fa\u7840\u624e\u5b9e\u5417\/\">LiOH\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u5417\uff1f<br \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u9ad8\u6c2f\u9178\u662f\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u5417\/\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9ad8\u6c2f\u9178\u662f\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>KOH\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u78b1\u3002\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u65f6\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb\u6210\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\uff08K+\uff09\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff08OH-\uff09\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6 &#8230; <a title=\"Koh\uff08\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u78b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u78b1\uff1f\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e6%b0%a2%e6%b0%a7%e5%8c%96%e9%92%bekoh%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e7%a2%b1%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e7%a2%b1\/\" aria-label=\"\u66f4\u591a 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