{"id":1031,"date":"2023-07-19T10:50:51","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T10:50:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/hbr%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e9%85%b8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e9%85%b8\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T10:50:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T10:50:51","slug":"hbr%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e9%85%b8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e9%85%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/hbr%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e9%85%b8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e9%85%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"Hbr\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f \uff08+ 3 \u4e2a\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u6c22\u6eb4\u9178\uff08HBr\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u9178\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+)\uff0c\u5f62\u6210<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acs.org\/content\/acs\/en\/molecule-of-the-week\/archive\/h\/hydronium-ion.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c34\u5408\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50<\/a>(H3O+) \u548c\u6eb4\u79bb\u5b50 (Br-)\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d H+ \u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5f3a\u9178\u6027\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group key is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8981\u70b9\uff1aHBr \u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li> HBr \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u9178\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+)\u3002<\/li>\n<li> HBr \u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u662f\u7531\u4e8e H-Br \u952e\u8f83\u5f31\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u4ee5\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/li>\n<li> HBr \u5728\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u3001\u6c22\u6eb4\u5316\u3001\u6eb4\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684 pH \u63a7\u5236\u3001\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u533b\u836f\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u3001\u6e05\u6d01\u548c\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u70bc\u6cb9\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48HBr\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"><em>\u6c22\u6eb4\u9178 (HBr) \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/chem.libretexts.org\/Courses\/Mount_Royal_University\/Chem_1202\/Unit_2%3A_Acids_and_Bases\/15.04%3A_Strong_Acids_and_Strong_Bases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>\u5f3a\u9178<\/em><\/a><em>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u5f3a\u9178\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5411\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d28\u5b50 (H+)\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u7684\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+) \u548c\u5e26\u8d1f\u7535\u7684\u6eb4\u79bb\u5b50 (Br-)\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u9178\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7531\u5176\u79bb\u89e3\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u503e\u5411\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e HBr\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709 HBr \u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u4f1a\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b49\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> HBr (aq) \u2192 H+ (aq) + Br- (aq)<\/p>\n<p> HBr \u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e H-Br \u952e\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u6c22-\u5364\u7d20 (HX) \u952e\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u968f\u7740<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsc.org\/periodic-table\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868<\/a>\u4e2d\u5364\u7d20\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\uff08\u4ece\u6c1f\u5230\u7898\uff09\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u4e0b\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u5364\u7d20\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5bf8\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u952e\u5408\u7535\u5b50\u8fdc\u79bb\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c22\u548c\u5364\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u952e\u8f83\u5f31\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4ee5\u8d28\u5b50\u5f62\u5f0f\u91ca\u653e\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u6eb4 (Br) \u662f\u6bd4\u6c1f\u548c\u6c2f\u66f4\u5927\u3001\u7535\u8d1f\u6027\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5364\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 H-Br \u952e\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5f31\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cHBr\u4e0e\u6c34\u63a5\u89e6\u65f6\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5931\u53bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d28\u5b50\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210H+\u548cBr-\u79bb\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9178\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6eb6\u5242\u3002 HBr \u7531\u4e8e\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5448\u5f3a\u9178\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u9178\u5ea6\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u975e\u6c34\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\uff0cHBr \u7684\u89e3\u79bb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u9178\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>HBr \u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u4e0e\u5f31\u9178\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u6c22\u6eb4\u9178 (HBr) \u4e0e\u5178\u578b\u5f31\u9178\u4e59\u9178 (CH3COOH) \u89e3\u79bb\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fffcf5\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u89e3\u79bb\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u6c22\u6eb4\u9178\uff08\u5f3a\u9178\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\n<td> <strong>CH3COOH\uff08\u5f31\u9178\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u89e3\u79bb\u65b9\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>HBr (aq) \u2192 H+ (aq) + Br- (aq)<\/td>\n<td> CH3COOH (\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2) \u21cc H+ (\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2) + CH3COO- (\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u89e3\u79bb\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u79bb\u72b6\u6001<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u7535\u79bb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e0e\u6c34\u53cd\u5e94<\/td>\n<td>\u8f7b\u677e\u7ed9\u51faH+\u79bb\u5b50<\/td>\n<td>\u52c9\u5f3a\u7ed9\u51faH+\u79bb\u5b50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e73\u8861\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u597d\u7684\uff08\u4ea7\u54c1\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\uff08\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u8be5\u8868\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5f3a\u9178\uff08HBr\uff09\u548c\u5f31\u9178\uff08\u4e59\u9178\uff09\u5728\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u89e3\u79bb\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>HBr \u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u9178\u6027\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u6c22\u6eb4\u9178 (HBr) \u5177\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5f3a\u9178\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\uff1a<\/strong> HBr\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u8bd5\u5242\u3002\u5176\u5f3a\u9178\u6027\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5145\u5f53\u8d28\u5b50\u4f9b\u4f53\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u50ac\u5316\u8bb8\u591a\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u4eb2\u7535\u52a0\u6210\u548c\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6c22\u6eb4\u5316\uff1a<\/strong> HBr \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u6c22\u6eb4\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u53cc\u952e\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6eb4\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u70f7\u57fa\u6eb4\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u5404\u79cd\u6eb4\u5316\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6eb4\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a<\/strong> HBr \u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.chem.ucla.edu\/harding\/IGOC\/B\/bromination.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6eb4\u5316\u53cd\u5e94<\/a>\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u6eb4\u6e90\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6eb4\u5f15\u5165\u5404\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5408\u6210\u591a\u79cd\u6eb4\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\u9020\uff1a<\/strong> HBr \u5728\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u6e05\u6d01\u548c\u8680\u523b\u5de5\u827a\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u82af\u7247\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53bb\u9664\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5c42\u548c\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\uff0cHBr \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u5f3a\u9178\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Titration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6ef4\u5b9a<\/a>\u3001pH \u8c03\u8282\u548c\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u533b\u836f\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\uff1a<\/strong> HBr\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u5404\u79cd\u533b\u836f\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6e05\u6d01\u548c\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong> HBr \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6e05\u6d01\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7531\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u800c\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u6c22\u6eb4\u9178\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76d0\u9178\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u77f3\u6cb9\u7cbe\u70bc\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u77f3\u6cb9\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0cHBr \u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u7cbe\u70bc\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u70f7\u57fa\u5316\u548c\u88c2\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u6216\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u6c22\u7898\u9178\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\/\">HI\uff08\u6c22\u7898\u9178\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/hf\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\/\">HF\uff08\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u786b\u9178h2so4\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\/\">H2SO4\uff08\u786b\u9178\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/h2s\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\/\">H2S\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/hclo\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\/\">HClO\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6c22\u6eb4\u9178\uff08HBr\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u9178\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+)\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6c34\u5408\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50(H3O+) 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