{"id":1023,"date":"2023-07-19T11:53:12","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T11:53:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e7%a2%b3%e9%85%b8h2co3%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e9%85%b8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e9%85%b8\/"},"modified":"2023-07-19T11:53:12","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T11:53:12","slug":"%e7%a2%b3%e9%85%b8h2co3%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e9%85%b8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e9%85%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e7%a2%b3%e9%85%b8h2co3%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e9%85%b8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e9%85%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"H2co3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>H2CO3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u9178\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+)\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f31\u9178\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4 H+ \u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Acid_strength\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5f3a\u9178<\/a>\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002 <\/p>\n<div class=\"inherit-container-width wp-block-group key is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8981\u70b9\uff1aH2CO3 \u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li> H2CO3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u9178\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+)\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5176\u89e3\u79bb\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 H2CO3 \u4fdd\u6301\u672a\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4 H+ \u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0cpH \u503c\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e2d\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f3a\u9178\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684 H+ \u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4 pH \u503c\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48H2CO3\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"ans\"> <em>H2CO3 \u6216\u78b3\u9178\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u9178\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u4ec5\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6c34\u5408\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u9178\u6027\u4f4e\u4e8e\u5b8c\u5168\u79bb\u89e3\u7684\u5f3a\u9178\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p> H2CO3 \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u9178\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u7535\u79bb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\u3002\u5f53\u78b3\u9178\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53ef\u9006\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dissociation_(chemistry)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u89e3\u79bb\u53cd\u5e94<\/a>\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+) \u548c\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u6839\u79bb\u5b50 (HCO3-)\uff1a<\/p>\n<p> H2CO3 \u21cc H+ + HCO3-<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u79bb\u53ea\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u78b3\u9178\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u4ee5\u672a\u89e3\u79bb\u7684 H2CO3 \u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acs.org\/content\/acs\/en\/molecule-of-the-week\/archive\/h\/hydronium-ion.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6c34\u5408\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50<\/a>(H3O+) \u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0cpH \u503c\u4fdd\u6301\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e2d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5f3a\u9178\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u76d0\u9178 (HCl) \u6216\u786b\u9178 (H2SO4)\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u7b49\u5f31\u9178\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 pH \u503c\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u660e\u663e\u7684\u9178\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>H2CO3 \u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u4e0e\u5f3a\u9178\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> H2CO3 \u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u4e0e\u5f3a\u9178\u7684\u79bb\u89e3\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fffcf5\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5916\u8c8c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>H2CO3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u5f3a\u9178\uff08\u5982HCl\uff09<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u89e3\u79bb\u53cd\u5e94<\/td>\n<td>H2CO3 \u21cc H+ + HCO3-<\/td>\n<td> HCl \u21cc H+ + Cl-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u89e3\u79bb\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u7684<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u5168\u7684<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H+\u79bb\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5f31<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8\u7684<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9178\u78b1\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e2d\u6027\uff08pH &gt; 7\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\uff08pH &lt; 7\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7535\u5bfc\u7387<\/td>\n<td>\u7535\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u5bfc\u4f53<\/td>\n<td>\u7535\u7684\u826f\u5bfc\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u5728 H2CO3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u89e3\u79bb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+) \u548c\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u6839\u79bb\u5b50 (HCO3-)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u79bb\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206 H2CO3 \u4ecd\u4ee5\u672a\u89e3\u79bb\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d H+ \u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0cpH \u503c\u4fdd\u6301\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e2d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f3a\u9178\uff0c\u5982\u76d0\u9178 (HCl)\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u7535\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u79bb\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u9178\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u4f1a\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0e\u78b3\u9178\u7b49\u5f31\u9178\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5f3a\u9178\u7684 pH \u503c\u8981\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u5f3a\u7535\u5bfc\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <strong>H2CO3 \u7684\u5f31\u9178\u6027\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>H2CO3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u7684\u5f31\u9178\u6027\u6027\u8d28\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u751f\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u5242\uff1a<\/strong>\u78b3\u9178\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u5242\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u8840\u6d46\u7684 pH \u503c\u7ef4\u6301\u5728\u8f83\u7a84\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff08\u7ea6 7.4\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7f13\u51b2\u80fd\u529b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a pH \u503c\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u53ef\u80fd\u635f\u5bb3\u751f\u7269\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u53d8\u5316\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u996e\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u9178\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u78b3\u9178\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u996e\u6599\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8f6f\u996e\u6599\u548c\u82cf\u6253\u6c34\uff09\u7684\u5636\u5636\u58f0\u548c\u78b3\u9178\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5f53\u78b3\u9178\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6c14\u6ce1\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u996e\u6599\u7684\u5473\u9053\u548c\u8d28\u5730\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9178\u96e8\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f53\u5927\u6c14\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff08CO2\uff09\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u96e8\u6c34\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u78b3\u9178\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9178\u96e8\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u96e8\u6c34\u7684\u8f7b\u5fae\u9178\u5316\u4f1a\u5bf9\u571f\u58e4\u3001\u6c34\u4f53\u548c\u690d\u88ab\u4ea7\u751f\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u70d8\u7119\u4e2d\u7684\u81a8\u677e\u5242\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u70d8\u7119\u4e2d\uff0c\u78b3\u9178\u4e0e\u5c0f\u82cf\u6253\uff08 <a href=\"https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/Sodium-Bicarbonate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u78b3\u9178\u6c22\u94a0<\/a>\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\u53c2\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/leavening\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u81a8\u677e\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/a>\u3002\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\uff0c\u4f7f\u9762\u56e2\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u4f7f\u70d8\u7119\u98df\u54c1\u5177\u6709\u8f7b\u76c8\u3001\u900f\u6c14\u7684\u8d28\u5730\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u78b3\u9178\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5f31\u9178\u6027\u6027\u8d28\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u6bd4\u5f3a\u9178\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u4fb5\u8680\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5f31\u9178\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u7532\u9178\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\/\">\u7532\u9178 (HCOOH) \u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/hcn\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\/\">HCN\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/hbr\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\/\">HBr\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/\u6c22\u7898\u9178\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\/\">HI\uff08\u6c22\u7898\u9178\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<br \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/hf\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\/\">HF\uff08\u6c22\u6c1f\u9178\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H2CO3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f31\u9178\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u79bb\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6c22\u79bb\u5b50 (H+)\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f31\u9178\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4f1a &#8230; <a title=\"H2co3\uff08\u78b3\u9178\uff09\u662f\u5f3a\u9178\u8fd8\u662f\u5f31\u9178\uff1f\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/cn\/%e7%a2%b3%e9%85%b8h2co3%e6%98%af%e5%bc%ba%e9%85%b8%e8%bf%98%e6%98%af%e5%bc%b1%e9%85%b8\/\" aria-label=\"\u66f4\u591a 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