{"id":1512,"date":"2023-07-13T21:13:29","date_gmt":"2023-07-13T21:13:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9\/"},"modified":"2023-07-13T21:13:29","modified_gmt":"2023-07-13T21:13:29","slug":"%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chemuza.org\/ar\/%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 30 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 8 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0632 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <span class=\"content-chemical-element\" style=\"float: left;width: 65px;height: 65px;border: 3px solid #666; display:flex;\n    justify-content: center;align-items: center;margin-right: 15px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 38px;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <em>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633<\/em> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a <em>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631<\/em> . \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062f\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 <em>\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0627-\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648<\/em> .<\/p>\n<h2 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\">\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> : \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong> : \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/strong> : \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong> : \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/strong> : \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/strong> : \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong> : \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong> : \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 7.2 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/strong> : \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\">\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a<\/strong> : 85<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/strong> : \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 (\u062c\u0645\/\u0645\u0644)<\/strong> : \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a (\u00c5)<\/strong> : 127 \u0645<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a (\u00c5)<\/strong> : 145 \u0645<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/strong> : 337 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong> : \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u062c\u0645\/\u0645\u0648\u0644)<\/strong> : 210 \u0634<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a<\/strong> : \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/strong> : 302 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (575 \u0643)<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/strong> : 114 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0644 \/ \u0645\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/strong> : \u00b11\u060c 3\u060c 5\u060c 7<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong> : [Xe]4f <sup>14<\/sup> 5d <sup>10<\/sup> 6s <sup>2<\/sup> 6p <sup>5<\/sup><\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/strong> : 2\u060c 8\u060c 18\u060c 32\u060c 18\u060c 7<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631<\/strong> : \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (eV)<\/strong> : 920 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0644\/\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<li style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> : 2.2 (\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062c)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> <strong>\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 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\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 41 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 25 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0648 <sup>210<\/sup> At \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 8.1 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\";text-align:right;direction:rtl\"> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0648 <sup>213<\/sup> At\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 125 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 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